Investigation of Rain Attenuation in Equatorial Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

This contribution investigates rain attenuation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, by exploiting local Drop Size Distribution (DSD) measurements. Coefficients for the well- established power law model relating rain rate and specific attenuation are derived for frequencies in the Ku, Ka and Q/V bands based on three years of disdrometer data. We analyze the diurnal variation of rainfall rate for four time intervals, and, moreover, we present statistics of rain attenuation for slant path Earth-space links estimated by means of a new model (Stratiform-Convective SST) which combines the advantages of the Dual-Layer Synthetic Storm Technique (SST) and of the SC EXCELL model. The predicted statistics are in good agreement with those obtained from beacon measurements (MEASAT-1 satellite at 12 GHz). Finally, the diurnal variation of the slant path rain attenuation is presented to provide system operators and radio communication engineers with useful information on the Quality of Service (QoS) that can be achieved during a typical day on an Earth-space link

Performance of synthetic storm technique in estimating fade dynamics in equatorial Malaysia

“…Besides, the constants k and α at 12.2 GHz used for the calculation of the specific attenuation are listed in Table . The constants are derived from the rain drop size distribution in Kuala Lumpur . The local wind speed at the pressure level of 770 mbar, obtained from radiosonde data, is 6.2 m/s.…”

“…The constants are derived from the rain drop size distribution in Kuala Lumpur. 11 The local wind speed at the pressure level of 770 mbar, obtained from radiosonde data, is 6.2 m/s. In Table 1, the k and α coefficients derived from rain drop size distribution are also compared with those provided in Maggiori.…”

Slant Path Ka-Band rain attenuation statistics in equatorial Malaysia obtained using stratiform convective-synthetic storm technique

“…The mean yearly wind intensity is set to be = 6.5 / which is extracted from the station of radiosonde located at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Sepang with the wind speed relative at pressure level of 700 hpa. Any other parameters such as and constant values are as described in [4].…”

“…Fig 2 shows the comparison of rain rate measured in Johor Bahru with measurement from disdrometer in Kuala Lumpur [4] that represents same equatorial climatic region, statistic of rain rate in Spinod'Adda [15] that represent temperate region and ITU-R P.837-6 [16] prediction model. The graph depicted measurement from Johor Bahru shows significantly high rain rate with 172 mm/h at 0.001% of time.…”

“…In this paper, we exploit the Stratiform Convective-Synthetic Storm Technique (SC-SST) [4] to provide reliable rain attenuation time series based on available rain rate time series measured at the location of interest. SC-SST model adapt a basic principle from the conventional Synthetic Storm Technique (SST) [8].…”