Investigation of pool spreading and vaporization behavior in medium-scale LNG tests

Small-scale experimental study of vaporization flux of liquid nitrogen released on water

“…The average vaporization fluxes obtained in this experiment were found to be 2-3 times greater than the than average vaporization mass fluxes obtained by Bureau of mines [4] and Drake et al [1,5]. The average vaporization mass fluxes obtained in this tests was also comparatively higher than the values reported in LNG dispersion experiments like Burro test series [6] and relatively recent medium scale LNG tests [7,8,13] which reported a value of 0.2 kg m −2 s −1 . The variation can be attributed to the size of water body with different spill area observed in literature tests.…”

“…Similar modification was previously studied through experiments for various types of cryogenic liquids spilled on water [5]. In that study, the effect of water as a substrate for boiling was incorporated by including a pre-factor value ( = 8.1) to the critical length variable value of = 7.6 [5] in critical length L c or a coefficient value of C = 1.9 [13] in Eq. (1) was determined for LNG (comprised of 100% liquid methane) applications.…”

“…In contrast to the Taylor instability theory, Klimenko provided an approach to pool film boiling on a horizontal surface on the basis of the Reynolds analogy [14]. He assumed that the heat-transfer rate in a region depend on the size of the heating surface and established an empirical formula for laminar and turbulent region of the film allowing for this effect given by Nu = 0.003 Ar for Turbulent regionwhere Ar > 10 8 (3)…”