Investigation of nitrogen compounds in coal tar products. 2. Basic fractions

Burchill, Paul; Herod, Alan A.; Pritchard, Ernest

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(83)90246-6

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…If present, these species -particularly the highly mutagenic nitro-PAH and PAH [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] with ring nitrogen -could also have impact on the health effects assessment. Nitro-PAH [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] have been measured from other coal combustors.…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

Huggins¹,

Huffman²,

Shah³

1997

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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 identify a number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as candidates for regulation. Should regulations be imposed on HAP emissions from coal-fired power plants, a sound understanding of the fundamental principles controlling the formation and partitioning of toxic species during coal combustion will be needed. With support from the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), the Electric Power Research Institute, and VTT (Finland), Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) has teamed with researchers from USGS, MIT, the University of Arizona (UA), the University of Kentucky (UKy), the University of Connecticut, and Princeton University to develop a broadly applicable emissions model useful to regulators and utility planners. The new Toxics Partitioning Engineering Model (ToPEM) will be applicable to all combustion conditions including new fuels and coal blends, low-NO combustion systems, x and new power generation plants. Development of ToPEM will be based on PSI's existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF). During the last quarter coal analysis was completed on the final program coal, from the Wyodak Seam of the Powder River Basin. Combustion testing continued, including data collected on the self-sustained combustor at UA. Data from PSI and MIT were used to identify the governing mechanisms for trace element vaporization from the program coals. Mercury speciation and measurements were continued. Review of the existing trace element and organics emissions literature was completed. And, model development was begun.iv A description of the work plan for accomplishing these objectives is presented in Section 2.1 of this report.The work discussed in this report highlights the accomplishments of the sixth quarter of this program. These accomplishments include completion of standard coal analysis on the final Phase I program coal. The selective leaching work, to determine the forms of occurrence of various trace elements, was completed for the three bituminous coals. Data from the combustion zone experiments at PSI and MIT were analyzed to explore the observed differences between the two facilities and to determine the dominant mechanisms for trace element vaporization. The review of the existing trace element and organics emissions data from power plants was completed. Two major combustion experiments were completed on the self-sustained reactor at UA. Finally, work was begun to identify the models, and model parameters, required for ToPEM development, and how these models can be incorporated into the existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF) Specifically, in the last quarter the trace element concentration analysis was completed for the Wyodak coal. This analysis indicated that the concentrations of trace elements in this coal are within the range of the bituminous coals in this program, with the exception of arsenic. The concentration of this element, and that of chromium, is much lower than was found in the other program coals. The CCSEM analysis of this coal are ...

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Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

Huggins¹,

Huffman²,

Shah³

1997

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“…Gas chromatography coupled to different selective detectors, such as the chemiluminescence detector (NCD), has been used for the analysis of NPAC in bituminous coal [112]. Burchill et al used nitrogen and phosphorus detector (NPD) for the analysis of NPAC in coal tar products [49,113]. The hyphenation of GC × GC with nitrogen chemiluminescence detection (GC × GC-NCD) has been reported to achieve the identification of various N-compounds in diesel fuel [114][115][116], while NPD was employed for the analysis of N-containing compounds in heavy gas oil [30].…”

Section: Nitrogen Containing Compounds In Coal Tarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Its Application to the Investigation of Pyrolytic Liquids

Maciel¹,

Silva²,

Bispo³

et al. 2017

Pyrolysis

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The chapter presents basic principles of one-dimensional gas chromatography (1D-GC) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) related to the main advantages of the two-dimensional technique, as well as its application to the study of organic compounds in liquids derived from coal, mainly through pyrolysis and extraction. It also shows the investigation of compounds contained in bio-oils obtained from biomass through pyrolysis, using GC × GC. Advances in scientific knowledge related to the composition of these complex matrices are shown through different examples of GC × GC analyses, such as the identification of trace compounds that would not be perceived by 1D-GC, organized patterns of elution of structurally related compounds that help their identification, etc. Examples shown make it clear that GC × GC is the technique of choice to elucidate composition of these complex matrices.

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“…Parent non‐substituted structures of NCCs in basic fraction from a LTCT (Burchill, Herod, & Ernest, ).…”

Section: Small‐molecular Chemicals In Cdls Identified By Gc/msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that 39 NCCs in a LTCT are almost N-heterocyclic aromatics with the exception of a diphenylamine, mainly including alkylindoles, alkylquinolines, alkylbenzoquinolines, and alkylcarbazoles, alkylbenzocarbazoles along with their non-substituted homologues (Burchill, Herod, & Pritchard, 1983a). The NCCs in a basic fraction and its extraction residue from the LTCT were further characterized by GC with an alkali-flame detector and GC/MS (Burchill, Herod, & Ernest, 1983b). The results show that many more NCCs are enriched in the basic fraction.…”

Section: Nitrogen-containing Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of mass spectrometry in the characterization of chemicals in coal‐derived liquids

Liu

Fan

Wei

et al. 2016

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Coal-derived liquids (CDLs) are primarily generated from pyrolysis, carbonization, gasification, direct liquefaction, low-temperature extraction, thermal dissolution, and mild oxidation. CDLs are important feedstocks for producing value-added chemicals and clean liquid fuels as well as high performance carbon materials. Accordingly, the compositional characterization of chemicals in CDLs at the molecular level with advanced analytical techniques is significant for the efficient utilization of CDLs. Although reviews on advancements have been rarely reported, great progress has been achieved in this area by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), two-dimensional GC-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS), and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). This review focuses on characterizing hydrocarbon, oxygen-containing, nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing, and halogen-containing chemicals in various CDLs with these three mass spectrometry techniques. Small molecular (< 500 u), volatile and semi-volatile, and less polar chemicals in CDLs have been identified with GC/MS and GC × GC-TOFMS. By equipped with two-dimensional GC, GC × GC-TOFMS can achieve a clearly chromatographic separation of complex chemicals in CDLs without prior fractionation, and thus can overcome the disadvantages of co-elution and serious peak overlap in GC/MS analysis, providing much more compositional information. With ultrahigh resolving power and mass accuracy, FT-ICR MS reveals a huge number of compositionally distinct compounds assigned to various chemical classes in CDLs. It shows excellent performance in resolving and characterizing higher-molecular, less volatile, and polar chemicals that cannot be detected by GC/MS and GC × GC-TOFMS. The application of GC × GC-TOFMS and FT-ICR MS to chemical characterization of CDLs is not as prevalent as that of petroleum and largely remains to be developed in many respects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:543-579, 2017.

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Investigation of nitrogen compounds in coal tar products. 2. Basic fractions

Cited by 60 publications

References 3 publications

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Its Application to the Investigation of Pyrolytic Liquids

Application of mass spectrometry in the characterization of chemicals in coal‐derived liquids

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