Investigation of nanocrystalline structure in selected carbonaceous materials

Balachandran, Manoj

doi:10.1007/s12613-014-0993-7

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Thus, the Raman analysis showed that after chemical oxidation the structure of carbon in sub-bituminous coal was converted into a mixed phase graphene nanostructure containing both sp 2 and sp 3 components. The Raman analysis also confirms the presence of multilayer graphene nanosheets that contain mixed phase sp originates from the aliphatic groups in coal samples [8]. Absorptions at 998.26 cm -1 is attributed to the C-O stretching vibrations and those at 1252.34 cm -1 are due to C-O-C stretching.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The higher intensity in the low angle range is attributed to inter-particle and small angle scattering by fissures, nanopores, heterogeneities, etc. present in the carbon lattice [8,11]. The diffraction centered around 26° is mainly indicating the presence of amorphous content along with crystalline carbon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Absorptions at 998.26 cm -1 is attributed to the C-O stretching vibrations and those at 1252.34 cm -1 are due to C-O-C stretching. The peak at 1439.95 cm -1 is due to the C-OH bond stretching [8]. The spikes between 998.26 and 600.42 cm -1 are attributed to the C-H loop bending vibration and they also indicate aromatic structure in the coal [8,22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak at 1439.95 cm -1 is due to the C-OH bond stretching [8]. The spikes between 998.26 and 600.42 cm -1 are attributed to the C-H loop bending vibration and they also indicate aromatic structure in the coal [8,22]. The SEM image of the obtained graphene layers is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be attributed to edge effect, grain boundary, vacancy or change in hybridization. This defect has a major role on the properties of graphene [8,9]. The research on the abundant source of carbon-coal-reveals that it contains graphite-like clusters and poly-aromatic structures similar to sp 2 bonding properties of graphene [6,7,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction and Characterization of Preformed Mixed Phase Graphene Sheets from Graphitized Sub-Bituminous Coal

Rao¹,

Raj²,

Balachandran³

2017

Asian J. Chem.

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In present paper, a facile method is reported to extract mixed phase nanometre-sized carbon sheets from sub-bituminous coal. The lattice constants (La and Lc) of sub-bituminous coal were calculated to be 4.82 and 1.41 nm, respectively. The aromatic layers and average number of carbon atoms in the aromatic lamellae were estimated as 5 and 8, respectively. The obtained graphene sheets exhibits broadened D and G band in addition to a very broad 2D bump. Defect to graphitic ratio is found to be 0.54 indicating less disorder in graphene nanomaterial formed. This is further corroborated by (ID/ID') ratio which was observed to be 3.40, confirming the defect has originated from boundary. The SEM analysis reveals the formation of large number of carbon layers with different shape in the nanometer scale range. Formation of graphene dots in the shape of hexagonal, spherical, graphene layers and corn shaped carbon nanotubes are noticed in the TEM image.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Extraction and Characterization of Preformed Mixed Phase Graphene Sheets from Graphitized Sub-Bituminous Coal

Rao¹,

Raj²,

Balachandran³

2017

Asian J. Chem.

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New Structural Insights into Densely Assembled Reduced Graphene Oxide Membranes

Cao

Xiong

Xia

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Densely assembled graphene‐based membranes have attracted substantial interest for their widespread applications, such as compact capacitive energy storage, ion/molecular separation, gas barrier films, and flexible electronics. However, the multiscale structure of densely packed graphene membranes remains ambiguously understood. This article combines X‐ray and light scattering techniques as well as dynamic electrosorption analysis to uncover the stacking structure of the densely stacked reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membranes. The membranes are produced by reducing graphene oxide (GO) membranes with hydrazine, during which the colloidal interactions between GO sheets are modulated by the electrolyte solution. In contrast to the common notion that direct reduction of densely assembled GO sheets in parallel tends to result in significant “graphitization”, this article unexpectedly discovers that the resultant densely packed rGO membrane can still retain the interconnected network nanochannels and show good capacitive performances. This inspires the development of a hierarchical structural model to describe the densely packed rGO membranes. This article further shows that the nanochannel network can be fine‐tuned at the sub‐nanometer level by tailoring the salt concentration and the reduction temperature to render exceptional volumetric capacitance and good rate performance for rGO membranes even with increased packing density.

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Adaptive Gating Enhances Intelligent Membranes for Cellular Functions and Precise Separations

Zhang,

Xing,

Huang

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Intelligent membranes with adaptive gating channels play a crucial role in cellular functions and separation processes. This study introduces a novel approach to controlling channel expansion using biomimetic adaptive aggregates, fundamentally overcoming the drawbacks of existing methods relying on intertwined polyelectrolyte chains for channel blockage. Specifically, a pH‐responsive 2D material membrane is constructed through the self‐assembling of protein‐mimetic zwitterionic polydopamine (ZPDA) soft molecular aggregates within graphene oxide (GO) interlayers. Similar to the conformational switch of inserted proteins in cellular membranes, the embedded ZPDA in GO nanofluidic channels undergoes an adaptive conformational transformation in response to pH changes. This dynamic adjustment of ZPDA physicochemical properties allows for reversible regulation of GO nanofluidic channel size and charge by external pH modulation. The resulting GO/ZPDA membrane exhibits programmable separation performance for dye molecules (i.e., water permeance of 18.8–35.4 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and molecular selectivity of 73.7–32.9) and salt ions (i.e., ionic permeance of 0.69–1.25 mol m−2 h−1 and ionic selectivity of 20.8–21.9). This work sheds new light on the engineering of intelligent stimuli‐responsive 2D nanofluidic channels with adaptive gating properties, holding promise across a wide range of applications including separation, drug delivery, sensing, and catalysis.

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Investigation of nanocrystalline structure in selected carbonaceous materials

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Extraction and Characterization of Preformed Mixed Phase Graphene Sheets from Graphitized Sub-Bituminous Coal

Extraction and Characterization of Preformed Mixed Phase Graphene Sheets from Graphitized Sub-Bituminous Coal

New Structural Insights into Densely Assembled Reduced Graphene Oxide Membranes

Adaptive Gating Enhances Intelligent Membranes for Cellular Functions and Precise Separations

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