Investigation of low‐frequency behaviour of two surface integral full‐Maxwell formulations

Abstract

Purpose -To apply two different integral formulations of full-Maxwell's equations to the numerical study of interconnects in a low-frequency range and compare the results. Design/methodology/approach -The first approach consists of a surface formulation of the full-Maxwell's equations in terms of potentials, giving rise to a surface electric field integral equation. The equation, given in a weak form, is solved by using a finite element technique. The solenoidal and non-solenoidal components of the electric current density are separated using the null-pinv decomposition to avoid the low-frequency breakdown. The second model is an extension of partial element equivalent circuit technique to unstructured meshes allowing the use of triangular meshes. Two systems of meshes tied by duality relations are defined on multiconductor systems. The key point in the definition of the equivalent network is to associate the pair primal edge/dual face to a circuit branch. Solution of the resulting electrical network is performed by a modified nodal analysis method and regularization of the outcoming matrix is accomplished by standard techniques based on the addition of suitable resistors. Findings -Both the formulation have a regular behaviour at very low frequency. This is automatically achieved in the first approach by using the null-pinv decomposition. Research limitations/implications -Surface sources of fields. Originality/value -Two different integral formulations of full-Maxwell's equations for the numerical study of interconnects are compared in terms of low-frequency behaviour.

Design of Wireless Power Transmission for a Charge While Driving System

“…The dual-PEEC method is a generalization of the PEEC for unstructured triangular tessellations [5], [6]. The main distinction from the standard PEEC technique is the use of two grids of interlocked cells, called primal and dual discretizations [7].…”