Investigation of low and mild temperature for synthesis of high quality carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition

Carbon nanotube growth: First-principles-based kinetic Monte Carlo model

“…As reported in previous experimental studies [91][92][93][94][95][96][97], as the reaction temperature increases, more agglomeration occurs resulting in larger-sized catalyst particles and therefore larger diameter CNT. Fu et al [92] reported that CNTs synthesized at 500°C, 550°C, and 700°C present an outer diameter distribution of 15-30, 20-40, and 20-90 nm, respectively.…”

“…Size distribution of the Ni particle is reported usually in the range of d = 20-80 nm [90][91][92][93], which corresponds to a lattice size N from 100 to 400 in the present study.…”

Pozzolanic reaction of fly ash modified by fluidized bed reactor-vapor deposition

“…When combined with fluidized bed reactor (FBR), it can be used in the synthesizing [17,18] and coating [19,20] of powders. In addition, it should be noted that an airslide is often utilized transporting FA [21], and that an air foam generating apparatus is used for discharging [22].…”

Metallurgical Challenges in Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites

“…To exploit the full potential of CNTs in nanocomposites, one should deeply understand the structural phenomena and microstructural interactions likely occurring during the synthesis or post-treatments of these new emerging materials. The first key to this issue is the profound consideration of structural transitions and phase transformations of CNTs in pure state and in exposure to a metallic matrix, because they can adversely affect the intrinsically superior properties of pure CNTs [105][106][107][108][109]. Table 2 summarizes the recently reported structural transitions of pure CNTs in a variety of densification methods and their influences on the properties.…”

“…However, other consolidation techniques such as hydrogen plasma [115], high-pressure/high-temperature annealing heat treatment [116][117][118] and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [107,108,119] can thermally decompose the structural geometry of nanotubes. As a practical conclusion, the engineers often strive to prevent from the thermal degradation of CNTs in both pure state and composite form, since it can vanish the final properties [120].…”