Investigation of long-term processes on a real germanium surface

Козлов, С. Н.; Kiselev, V. F.; Novototskii-Vlasov, Yu.F.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(71)90051-3

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a result, the Schottky barrier height is enhanced. [ 31,32 ] Moreover, when the RH is continuously increased during the operation of the SM‐TVNG, we still observe the enhancement of the Schottky rectifying behavior in the device, as shown in Figure S3, Supporting Information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Reversal in Output Current Direction of 4H‐SiC/Cu Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator as Controlled by Relative Humidity

Xia,

Berbille,

Luo

et al. 2023

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNG) represent a fantastic opportunity for developing low‐frequency energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing, by exploiting their real‐time direct‐current (DC) output. Here, a thorough study of the effect of relative humidity (RH) on a TVNG consisting of 4H‐SiC (n‐type) and metallic copper foil (SM‐TVNG) is presented. The SM‐TVNG shows a remarkable sensitivity to RH and an abnormal RH dependence. When RH increases from ambient humidity up to 80%, an increasing electrical output is observed. However, when RH rises from 80% to 98%, the signal output not only decreases, but its direction reverses as it crosses 90% RH. This behavior differs greatly from that of a Si‐based TVNG, whose output constantly increases with RH. The behavior of the SM‐TVNG might result from the competition between the built‐in electric field induced by metal‐semiconductor contact and a strong triboelectric electric field induced by solid‐liquid triboelectrification under high RH. The authors also demonstrated that both SM‐TVNG and Si‐based TVNG can work effectively as‐is even fully submerged in deionized water. This mechanism can affect other devices and be applied to design self‐powered sensors working under high RH or underwater.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Reversal in Output Current Direction of 4H‐SiC/Cu Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator as Controlled by Relative Humidity

Xia,

Berbille,

Luo

et al. 2023

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…50 It is believed that the surface state density of 4H-SiC increases, the Schottky barrier increases, and the carrier driving force as a result of the built-in electric field increases with the increase of RH, resulting in an increase of the electronic output. 51,52 If the RH surpasses 80%, the surface Schottky barrier becomes extremely high as a result of the filling of vast water vapor and the probability of the electronic transition is reduced; thus, the output is reduced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear-Resisting and Stable 4H-SiC/Cu-Based Tribovoltaic Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Sensing in a Harsh Environment

Xia

Luo

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs) are an emerging class of devices for high-entropy energy conversion and mechanical sensing that benefit from their outstanding real-time direct current output characteristics. Here, a self-powered TVNG was fabricated using a small-area 4H-SiC semiconductor wafer and a large-area copper foil. Thus, the cost of materials remains low compared to devices employing large-scale semiconductors. The 4H-SiC/metal-TVNGs (SM-TVNGs) presented here are sensitive to vertical force and sliding velocity, making them appropriate for mechanical sensing. Notably, owing to the modulated bindingtons and surface states, these SM-TVNGs performed well in a harsh environment, namely, in high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. In addition, the SM-TVNGs exhibited an excellent wear-resisting property. On these bases, we designed a self-powered and real-time monitoring device able to estimate the number of staff present in various areas of a deep mining site, a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. This work not only discloses basic physics behind the tribovoltaic effect but also sheds light on possible applications of SM-TVNGs for wearresisting and stable mechanical sensors in harsh environments.

show abstract