Investigation of lead-free 2D/3D mixed-dimensional tin perovskite solar cell embedded with plasmonic metal nanoparticles

Purkayastha, Atanu; Minz, Manoranjan; Sonkar, Ramesh Kumar; Mallajosyula, Arun Tej

doi:10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938955

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The built in potential ( V bi ) of the device calculated from the band diagram is 1.07 V . The parameters used for device simulation are listed in Table . ,− …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique detects the changes in the polarization state of light, either transmitted through or reflected from a thin film. The real (refractive index, n ) and imaginary (extinction coefficient, k ) parts of the complex refractive index were extracted by the application of Forouhi-Bloomer dispersion relation. − The wavelength-dependent complex refractive index data of transport layers such as PCBM and PEDOT/PSS have been taken from the literature. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This device is then used as reference to study the effect of NPs. Following our previous work, the J PH|MAX and PCE of the plasmon-assisted PSCs were calculated using the finite-difference time domain method in Lumerical software …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26−28 The wavelength-dependent complex refractive index data of transport layers such as PCBM and PEDOT/PSS have been taken from the literature. 15,23 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the 2D/3D FASnI 3 film is shown in Figure 2, where the dominant diffraction peak at 14°(2θ) corresponds to the (100) plane, confirming the formation of the appropriate perovskite phase with an orthorhombic crystal structure, which is stable up to 200 °C. The orthorhombic structure results in high formation energy of Sn vacancies in FASnI 3 , which enhances the device stability and performance.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Following our previous work, the J PH|MAX and PCE of the plasmon-assisted PSCs were calculated using the finite-difference time domain method in Lumerical software. 15 ■ RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Effect of Ag NPs Embedded in a Transport Layer. It is possible to embed the NPs inside the transport layers without increasing the cost and maintenance of the planar structure.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency Enhancement and Life Cycle Assessment of 2D/3D Mixed-Dimensional Tin Perovskite Plasmonic Solar Cells

Purkayastha,

Minz,

Sonkar

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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In this work, the impact of spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the performance of mixed-dimensional tin perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) was explored using Silvaco 2D TCAD and Lumerical software. Embedding 10 nm spherical Ag NPs within the electron transport layer at the cathode interface led to an increase of 8.65% boost in photocurrent density (J PH ) through a plasmonic effect, resulting in a maximum power conversion efficiency of 23.16%. However, the presence of metal NPs in the hole transport layer reduced the absorption efficiency of the active layer. Notably, our experiments revealed that the mixed-dimensional Sn PSCs (0.15 M phenylethylammonium iodide in precursor solution) displayed an average grain size of 257 nm, surpassing that of the 3D Sn PSCs by 48.55%. Additionally, XRD studies showed that these mixed-dimensional films exhibited a minimized full width at half-maximum value of 0.342°for the (100) perovskite plane, confirming superior crystallinity compared to other types of films. Furthermore, material and energy inventories have been developed for a tin perovskite solar module (Sn-PSM) embedded with Ag NPs, facilitating a comprehensive life cycle assessment. The total primary energy demand (TPED) for the development of Sn-PSM was estimated to be 643.98 MJ•m −2 . The production of ITO glass contributes to nearly 37.09% of the TPED and is the major bottleneck for reducing the energy consumption. The deposition of PEDOT/PSS and FASnI 3 (spin coating and annealing) accounted for 33.30 and 34.99% of the energy required, respectively, for module fabrication. The energy payback time has been predicted to be 0.53 years, which is lower by 34.57 and 75.90% compared to those of lead-based solar module (Pb-PSM) and c-Si solar modules, respectively. Furthermore, the greenhouse gas emission factor has been evaluated to be 0.07 kg-CO 2 •kW h −1 , indicating substantial reductions by 36.36 and 77.85% when compared to those of Pb-PSM and c-Si solar modules, respectively.

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“…The built in potential ( V bi ) of the device calculated from the band diagram is 1.07 V . The parameters used for device simulation are listed in Table . ,− …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%