Investigation of ionospheric O<sup>+</sup> remote sensing using the 834‐Å airglow

Picone, J. M.; Meier, R. R.; Kelley, Owen; Dymond, K. F.; Thomas, Ronald J.; Meléndez-Alvira, D. J.; McCoy, R. P.

doi:10.1029/96ja03314

Cited by 33 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This form of the Chap man layer is an ex ten sion to the lin early vary ing scale height pro posed by Picone et al (1997) and is a rea son able ap prox i ma tion for de scrib ing the ion o spheric den sity. The O + and elec tron den si ties are as sumed to be equal, which is a good as sump tion be low the H + /O + tran si tion height that typ i cally oc curs at ~750 km.…”

Section: Al Go Rithm 31 De Scrip Tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Dymond¹,

Budzien²,

Chua³

et al. 2009

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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AB STRACTThe Con stel la tion Ob serv ing Sys tem for Me te o rol ogy, Ion o sphere, and Cli mate (FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC) is a con stel la tion of six microsatellites that was launched into low-Earth or bit on 14 April 2006. Each FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC sat el lite con tains a GPS Occultation Ex per i ment (GOX) GPS re ceiver and a Tiny Ion o spheric Pho tom e ter (TIP), which mea sure the ion o sphere. In pre vi ous pa pers of Dymond and Thomas (2001) and Dymond et al. (2000), an al go rithm for tomographically in vert ing GPS occultation and UV ra di om e ter mea sure ments has been pre sented. We ap ply this al go rithm to the in ver sion of recently acquired FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data and present the results.Key words: Ion o sphere, To mog ra phy, FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC, Appelton anom aly Ci ta tion: : Tomographic re con struc tion of the low-lat i tude night time elec tron density us ing FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC ra dio occultation and UV pho tom e ter data. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 20, 215-226, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2008. 01.15.01(F3C) IN TRO DUC TIONThe use of to tal elec tron con tent mea sure ments ac quired dur ing occultation of the Global Po si tion ing Sat el lites (GPS) by a re ceiv ing plat form in low Earth or bit has re cently been dem on strated as a vi a ble tech nique for de ter min ing the ion ospheric elec tron den sity (Hajj et al. 1994). The cor ner stone of the tech nique is use of the Abel in ver sion to con vert the to tal elec tron con tent mea sure ments made by the GPS receiver into elec tron den sity pro files. This tech nique as sumes that the ion o sphere is spher i cally sym met ric with no hor izon tal den sity gra di ents. The Abel tech nique works well under cer tain view ing con di tions but its ac cu racy is gen er ally lim ited by the spher i cal sym me try as sump tion. When there are sub stan tial ion o spheric den sity gra di ents pres ent, the Abel in ver sion tech nique yields poor re sults due to an inability to han dle gra di ents (Hajj et al. 1994). As GPS occultations oc cur spo rad i cally around the globe, it is dif fi cult to use them in a sys tem atic way to gather in for ma tion about the global struc ture of the ion o sphere. Thus, al ter na tive techniques must be used to in fer the gra di ents and to ac count for them in the in ver sion pro cess.Sev eral tech niques have been used to in fer ion o spheric gra di ents. On the Formosa Sat el lite -3 or Con stel la tion Observ ing Sys tem for Me te o rol ogy, Ion o sphere, and Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC), GPS occultation mea surements will be com ple mented by ul tra vi o let ra dio met ric measure ments, mea sure ments of the to tal elec tron con tent between the sat el lites and ground us ing com put er ized ion ospheric to mog ra phy re ceiv ers, and ground-based GPS to tal elec tron con tent mea sure ments. The use of ul tra vi o let (UV) ra di om e ters pro vides an ac cu rate mea sure ment of the gra dients on a global ba sis and does not rely on ground-based receivers.Nat u rally oc cur ring ul tra vi o let and vis i ble emi...

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Section: Al Go Rithm 31 De Scrip Tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Dymond¹,

Budzien²,

Chua³

et al. 2009

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…A technique that has been proposed and tested obtains O + densities from measured altitude profiles of the triplet emission feature near 83.4 nm. 7,8 The method, derived from the approach developed initially for the daytime thermosphere (also discussed in Section 2.4), uses a parameterized model of the O + density as part of a forward model to calculate 83.4 nm volume and column emission rates. The model parameters are iteratively adjusted to compute the optimal values given the measured column emission rates as a function of look angle.…”

Section: Daytime Ionospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric imaging using merged ultraviolet airglow and radio occultation data

et al. 2014

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The Limb-imaging Ionospheric and Thermospheric Extreme-ultraviolet Spectrograph (LITES) and GPS Radio Occultation and Ultraviolet Photometry-Colocated (GROUP-C) experiments are being considered for flight aboard the Space Test Program Houston 5 (STP-H5) experiment pallet to the International Space Station (ISS). LITES is a compact imaging spectrograph that makes one-dimensional images of atmospheric and ionospheric ultraviolet (60-140 nm) airglow above the limb of the Earth. The LITES optical design is advantageous in that it uses a toroidal grating as its lone optical surface to create these high-sensitivity images without the need for any moving parts. GROUP-C consists of two instruments: a nadir-viewing ultraviolet photometer that measures nighttime ionospheric airglow at 135.6 nm with unprecedented sensitivity, and a GPS receiver that measures ionospheric electron content and scintillation with the assistance of a novel antenna array designed for multipath mitigation. By flying together, these two experiments form an ionospheric observatory aboard the ISS that will provide new capability to study low-and mid-latitude ionospheric structures on a global scale. This paper presents the design and implementation of the LITES and GROUP-C experiments on the STP-H5 payload that will combine for the first time high-sensitivity in-track photometry with vertical spectrographic imagery of ionospheric airglow to create high-fidelity images of ionospheric structures. The addition of the GPS radio occultation measurement provides the unique opportunity to constrain, as well as cross-validate, the merged airglow measurements.

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“…A subset of these coincident sets will be selected for a regression analysis, and the remaining coincident data will provide a basis for testing of the new empirical mapping from SSULI 83.4 nm to hmF2. A discrete inverse theory algorithm and code written by Dr. J. Michael Picone [2,3] (formerly at NRL, now at George Mason Univ.) will then be used to fit the coincident SSULI limb intensity profiles.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational SSULI Algorithm for Dayside Ionosphere HmF2

Stephan¹

2009

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Award Number: N0001408AF00002 http://www.nrl.navy.mil LONG-TERM GOALSThe ultimate goal of this research is the development of an operational algorithm for retrieving daytime ionospheric hmF2 from the measurement of the O II 83.4 nm emission feature. This algorithm will provide data for ingestion into ionospheric models. The reward of a successful algorithm is very high, as no capability presently exists to measure the global variation of hmF2 within the F-region of the ionosphere during the day. Further, this work will provide a new assessment of the state of the ionosphere during significant space weather events, which is critical to the use of GPS and other operational systems that rely on the propagation of radio waves within the near-Earth space environment. In addition, this research could lead to a method for global monitoring of the ionosphere and its response to solar, geomagnetic and lower atmospheric waves and tides. OBJECTIVESThe technological objective of this research is to develop a new algorithm that can be used to obtain routine, global ionospheric measurements for incorporation into operational codes and assimilative ionospheric models, including the Global Assimilation of Ionospheric Measurements (GAIM) model. GAIM, used at AFWA as the state-of-the-art ionospheric predictive model for Navy and DoD needs, currently is limited by the absence of data that can be ingested to constrain the daytime hmF2 parameter. The hmF2 specifies the height of the peak of the ionosphere and is used as both a metric for the ionosphere and a parameter to specify the ionospheric density profile. The software to be developed will be directly applicable to dayside data from the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Limb Imager (SSULI) sensors on the DMSP F18-20 satellites. The proposed additional capability of the SSULI Ground Data Analysis Software (GDAS) to generate operational hmF2 values from 83.4 nm measurements would provide data that could be used as hmF2 parameter constraints with GAIM at AFWA. The scientific objective of this effort is to develop an understanding of the ionospheric response to variability in solar and geomagnetic forcing. In addition, this effort will lead to pioneering research in the fundamental physics behind the dayside 83.4 nm emission and the conditions under which it presents a viable measure of this ionospheric variability.

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Investigation of ionospheric O⁺ remote sensing using the 834‐Å airglow

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Ionospheric imaging using merged ultraviolet airglow and radio occultation data

Operational SSULI Algorithm for Dayside Ionosphere HmF2

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Investigation of ionospheric O+ remote sensing using the 834‐Å airglow

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Ionospheric imaging using merged ultraviolet airglow and radio occultation data

Operational SSULI Algorithm for Dayside Ionosphere HmF2

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Investigation of ionospheric O⁺ remote sensing using the 834‐Å airglow