Investigation of factors related to employment outcome following traumatic brain injury: a critical review and conceptual model

Ownsworth, Tamara; McKenna, Kryss

doi:10.1080/09638280410001696700

Cited by 209 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(266 reference statements)

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“…Executive functioning emerged as the most commonly cited predictor variable of RTW post TBI and was cited in three studies [23,34,35]. The Disability Rating Scale (DRS) outcome, which rates the cognitive ability to perform self-care activities, was identified as a predictor Table 2 Evidence summary Normal range scores on most neuropsychologic tests predicted a 40% to 130% increase in the probability of employment.…”

Section: Cognitive Variables Predict Return To Work Post Traumatic Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies identified either single or multiple cognitive variables as predictors of RTW post TBI, including 4 Level I studies [22,25,33,34], one Level II study [23], 2 Level III studies [21,26], and 3 Level IV studies [24,35,36]. Executive functioning emerged as the most commonly cited predictor variable of RTW post TBI and was cited in three studies [23,34,35].…”

Section: Cognitive Variables Predict Return To Work Post Traumatic Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attention [24,35], memory [23,33], and verbal skills [22,23] were also cited in two studies each as predictors of RTW post-TBI. Other cognitive factors cited in the studies included: performance IQ [22]; the Functional Independence Measure (FIM™) outcome, which also assesses cognitive disability [21]; global cognitive functioning [34]; perceptual ability [34]; and processing speed [35].…”

Section: Watt and Penn (2000)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognition and return to work after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury: A systematic review

Mani¹,

Cater

Hudlikar

2017

WOR

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Abstract. BACKGROUND:Approximately two percent of the United States population are traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. The unemployment rate among them is substantial. Cognitive skills are essential to perform any job. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the literature on cognitive rehabilitation (CR) related to mild/moderate TBI to learn the influence of cognition on return to work (RTW) post TBI. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of the studies on CR related to RTW post TBI that were published between 2000 and 2015. RESULTS: We critically reviewed 30 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies highlighted cognition as a predictor variable, seven studies demonstrated support for cognitive testing in RTW assessments, and 13 studies showed the efficacy of CR in facilitating RTW post TBI. CONCLUSION: Cognition plays a significant role in predicting and facilitating RTW in patients with TBI.

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Section: Cognitive Variables Predict Return To Work Post Traumatic Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Variables Predict Return To Work Post Traumatic Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Watt and Penn (2000)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognition and return to work after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury: A systematic review

Mani¹,

Cater

Hudlikar

2017

WOR

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“…Survivors of TBI may fail to return to work or to maintain meaningful social relationships as a result of these changes (Brooks et al, 1987;Kendall & Terry, 1996, Malia et al, 1995Ownsworth & McKenna, 2004). For relatives of patients with TBI, the behavioral changes can be a greater burden than the physical or cognitive impairments (Brooks et al, 1986;Kinsella et al, 1991), even many years after the injury (Koskinen, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social behavior following traumatic brain injury and its association with emotion recognition, understanding of intentions, and cognitive flexibility

Milders

Ietswaart

Crawford

et al. 2008

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

136

116

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Although the adverse consequences of changes in social behavior following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are well documented, relatively little is known about possible underlying neuropsychological deficits. Following a model originally developed for social behavior deficits in schizophrenia, we investigated whether impairments in emotion recognition, understanding of other people's intentions ("theory of mind"), and cognitive flexibility soon after first TBI or 1 year later were associated with self and proxy ratings of behavior following TBI. Each of the three functions was assessed with two separate tests, and ratings of behavior were collected on three questionnaires. Patients with TBI (n 5 33) were impaired in emotion recognition, "theory of mind," and cognitive flexibility compared with matched orthopedic controls (n 5 34). Proxy ratings showed increases in behavioral problems 1 year following injury in the TBI group but not in the control group. However, test performance was not associated with questionnaire data. Severity of the impairments in emotion recognition, understanding intention, and flexibility were unrelated to the severity of behavioral problems following TBI. These findings failed to confirm the used model for social behavior deficits and may cast doubt on the alleged link between deficits in emotion recognition or theory of mind and social functioning. (JINS, 2008, 14, 318-326.)

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“…Cognitive impairment has been linked to deficiencies in self-initiated, proactive problem solving in a sample of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia [62]. Individuals with psychiatric disorders tend to use more passive coping styles compared with nondisabled controls [63][64], perhaps because of cognitive impairment. Direct assistance and guidance through the steps of initiation of help-seeking behavior and participation in treatment may then be most important for individuals with SMI and cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment as barrier to engagement in vocational services among veterans with severe mental illness

O’Connor¹,

Mueller²,

Ormer³

et al. 2011

JRRD

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Abstract-Vocational services (VS), particularly supported employment models, have clear advantages for assisting adults with severe mental illness (SMI) in returning to the workplace, but a majority of eligible individuals with SMI do not receive any type of VS. The reasons for nonparticipation in VS remain poorly understood, and the potential contribution of cognitive impairment as a barrier to entry has not been explored. The present study uses a pathways-to-care design to examine the specific contribution of cognitive functioning to entry into VS among veterans with SMI. We examined 179 veterans with both SMI and un-or underemployment who completed a work history, the Pathways To Care Inventory, and the Trail-Making Test, Part B. Analysis revealed that veterans with SMI and moderate to severe cognitive impairment took significantly longer to progress through pathways-to-care than those with SMI and mild or no cognitive impairment. These results suggest that identifying veterans with SMI and cognitive impairment early and providing them with integrated and adjunct services may help them navigate VS.

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Investigation of factors related to employment outcome following traumatic brain injury: a critical review and conceptual model

Abstract: A conceptual model is presented which emphasises the importance of metacognitive, emotional and social environment factors for improving employment outcome.

Cited by 209 publications

References 96 publications

Cognition and return to work after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury: A systematic review

Cognition and return to work after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury: A systematic review

Social behavior following traumatic brain injury and its association with emotion recognition, understanding of intentions, and cognitive flexibility

Cognitive impairment as barrier to engagement in vocational services among veterans with severe mental illness

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