Analysis of characteristic electron energy losses in reffection from the surface provides information on electron and band structure of the solid state. Study of transition metals, their alloys (Fe-N, Zn-Ni) and amorphous alloys Fe 78 Si9 B 13 show that there are two subsets of electron gas characterized by different oscillation frequency. The presence of independent components of volume plasmons corresponding to s and d electrons is an evidence that despite collectivization both the subsets preserve individual features characteristic of the structure of an isolated atom. From the energy losses the following quantities are determined: the effective mass (μ) for particular electron subsets, the Fermi energy (EF), the band widths (δE) for s and d electrons and contribution of the subsets to the metal conductivity (γ). The obtained results for metals are compared to analogous data for alloys both in crystalline and amorphous phase.