Investigation of complexation and solubility equilibria in the copper(I)/cyanide system at 25  °C

Akilan, Chandrika; Königsberger, Erich; Solis, J.S.; May, Peter M.; Kyle, J.; Hefter, Glenn

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.05.020

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Indeed, the value obtained by Vladimirova and Kakovskii (1950), p * K s2 o = 4.91, has been quantitatively confirmed by Königsberger et al (1994) who studied the solubility of CuCN(s) in HCNNaCN solutions at 25 o C and 0.15 M  I/M  1.0 in NaCl media (see also Akilan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Solubility Of Copper(i) Cyanidementioning

confidence: 63%

“…Note that, consistent with the stepwise formation of metal-ligand complexes (Greenwood and Earnshaw, 1997), most authors have assumed the existence of the monocyanocuprate(I) species, CuCN 0 (aq). However, this species is extremely difficult to detect, let alone quantify (Hefter et al, 1993;, although a reasonable estimate has been achieved using solubility data (Akilan et al, 2015). reported in the literature.…”

Section: Aqueous Chemistry Of Copper(i)-cyanide Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The value of Vladimirova and Kakovskii (1950) was corrected to 19.74 by Lu et al (2002b) using Beck's (1987 recommended value of pK a o (HCN) = 9.21. Akilan et al (2015) have estimated pK s0 = 19.49  0.02 at I = 1 M(NaCl) and 25 o C using the solubility data of Königsberger et al (1994).…”

Section: Solubility Of Copper(i) Cyanidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking Cu(I) speciation into account by using appropriate Cu(I)/CN -formation constants (Hefter et al, 1993) values of p * K s2 o = 4.9 ± 0.1 at I = 0 and 4.50  0.01 at I = 1.0 M (NaCl) have been derived from these data (Königsberger et al 1994;Akilan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Solubility Of Copper(i) Cyanidementioning

confidence: 99%

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A critical review of the thermodynamics of hydrogen cyanide and copper(I)–cyanide complexes in aqueous solution

Kyle

Hefter

2015

Hydrometallurgy

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Kyle, J.H. and Hefter, G. (2015) A critical review of the thermodynamics of hydrogen cyanide and copper(I)-This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT2 AbstractDespite the importance of cyanide and of metal-cyanide complexes in gold hydrometallurgy, and the need for reliable thermodynamic data for modelling gold solution chemistry, no comprehensive critical overview of the thermodynamics of hydrogen/cyanide and metal/cyanide complex formation has appeared in the literature since that of Beck in 1987. In particular there has been little consideration of the values of the equilibrium constants (and related thermodynamic parameters) at the higher ionic strengths and non-standard temperatures more typical of hydrometallurgical processing. The copper(I)/cyanide system is of particular importance in gold hydrometallurgy as gold is often associated with copper sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite, chalcocite, covellite and bornite, all of which except chalcopyrite are reasonably soluble in cyanide solutions due to the formation of copper(I)/cyanide complexes. This paper reviews the available thermodynamic data for the hydrogen/cyanide and copper(I)/cyanide systems in aqueous solution with special emphasis on measurements made at elevated ionic strengths and as a function of temperature. It has been found that, while reliable data are available at 25 o C and very low ionic strengths, the data for higher ionic strengths and temperatures are limited. An attempt has been made to rationalize the available data, and to point out areas where further careful measurements are desirable.

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Section: Solubility Of Copper(i) Cyanidementioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Aqueous Chemistry Of Copper(i)-cyanide Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solubility Of Copper(i) Cyanidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solubility Of Copper(i) Cyanidementioning

confidence: 99%

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A critical review of the thermodynamics of hydrogen cyanide and copper(I)–cyanide complexes in aqueous solution

Kyle

Hefter

2015

Hydrometallurgy

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“…As pH affects HCN formation [29], ferric ion precipitation and pyrite oxidation kinetics [39], its variation was chosen to validate the method. Accordingly, cyanide consumption was predicted using the model developed for the system pyrite + chalcopyrite + gold with the calibrated parameters of Table 2 and initial pH values of 9.5 and 11.5 (controlled to 9 and 11 respectively).…”

Section: Cross Validation: Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Cyanide Consumption in Gold Leaching: A Kinetic and Thermodynamic Modeling Approach

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The consumption of cyanide during processing operations is a major economic cost in the extraction of gold from its ores, while the discharge of cyanide wastes may result in significant environmental pollution. Many factors influence the levels of consumption and discharge of cyanide, including ore mineralogy and lixiviant solution chemistry. This paper proposes a robust methodology to estimate leaching cyanide consumption due to oxidation and reactions with gold, chalcopyrite and pyrite minerals forming various cyanide complexes, cyanate, thiocyanate and hydroxide precipitates of copper and iron. The method involves concurrent modelling of both the oxidation and leaching kinetics of minerals and the chemical speciation of the lixiviant solutions. The model was calibrated by conducting cyanide leaching experiments on pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrite + chalcopyrite, pyrite + chalcopyrite + gold and pyrite + chalcopyrite + gold + quartz systems and determining the total Cu, Fe, Au and CN − concentrations in solution. We show that this model can successfully estimate the formation of cyanide complexes and, hence, the consumption of cyanide.

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Monitoring WAD cyanide concentration in river waters with a glassy carbon electrode modified with 9,10‐Phenanthroquinone

Cardenas‐Riojas,

Calderon‐Zavaleta,

Quiroz‐Aguinaga

et al. 2023

Electroanalysis

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Heavy metal‐containing industrial effluent streams from electroplating and metalworking industries represent a major environmental issue. They contain metal cyanide complexes ([Ni(CN)4]2− and [Cu(CN)3]2−) referred to as weak acid dissociable cyanide (CN‐WAD), which require continuous in situ monitoring. In this scenario, a glassy carbon (GC) electrode superficially decorated with 9,10‐phenanthroquinone (FNQ) is manufactured and employed for the simultaneous electrochemical monitoring of cyanide WAD complexes. The interaction between GC and FNQ was characterized by Raman and electrochemical impedance spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, and chronocoulometry. The electrochemical evaluation was conducted by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and CV. The GC/FNQ electrochemical sensor simultaneously detected cyanide complexes with an average linear range of 9–93 μmol L−1, and a detection limit of 0.15±0.04 μmol L−1 and 1.2±0.6 μmol L−1 for [Ni(CN)4]2− and [Cu(CN)3]2−, respectively. The sensor demonstrated remarkable selectivity in the presence of multiple interfering species with a percentage variation range of 89.2–109.4 %. Moreover, a computational DFT study provided valuable insights into the electrode/electrolyte interface. Finally, the developed sensor was applied for the electrochemical detection of WAD cyanide in river water samples.

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Investigation of complexation and solubility equilibria in the copper(I)/cyanide system at 25 °C

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

A critical review of the thermodynamics of hydrogen cyanide and copper(I)–cyanide complexes in aqueous solution

A critical review of the thermodynamics of hydrogen cyanide and copper(I)–cyanide complexes in aqueous solution

Predicting Cyanide Consumption in Gold Leaching: A Kinetic and Thermodynamic Modeling Approach

Monitoring WAD cyanide concentration in river waters with a glassy carbon electrode modified with 9,10‐Phenanthroquinone

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