Investigation of clay mineralogy in a temperate acidic soil of a forest using X-ray diffraction profile modeling: Beyond the HIS and HIV description

Viennet, Jean‐Christophe; Hubert, Fabien; Ferrage, Eric; Tertre, Emmanuel; Legout, Arnaud; Turpault, Marie–Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.11.004

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Discrete chlorite and kaolinite can also be identified in the 2-0.2 µm subfraction from their rational series of 00l reflections. Low-angle asymmetry of the kaolinite reflection at 7.25 Å (see for example the 0.2-0.05 µm subfraction in Figure 2b) suggests the possible presence in the two finest subfractions of a kaolinite-illite (KI) as previously reported [23][24][25]. As in the bulk <2 µm fraction, the presence of a mixed layer dominated by expandable layers can be identified in the 2-0.2 µm subfraction from the shift in the peak position of the broad reflection from ~13.6 to ~16.7 Å following EG solvation.…”

Section: Qualitative Mineralogy Of Clay Subfractionssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…For 2-0.2, 0.2-0.05 and <0.05 µm subfractions simulation was performed between 3.5 and 50 • 2θ using the Sybilla program developed by Chevron™ [45] from the mathematical formulation reported by Drits and Tchoubar [46]. This modelling is based on the direct comparison between experimental and calculated 00l XRD reflections, and fitting was done via trial-and-error determination of structure factors to arrive at a single structure model which fits the profiles obtained from both Ca-AD and Ca-EG treatments according to the multi-specimen technique [23,25,[35][36][37][38]. Such an approach relies on the differences in layer-to-layer distances and structure factors for expandable layers arising from the different treatments (AD/EG) and yields the proportion or weighted concentration of each independent phase in the sample.…”

Section: Simulation Of Xrd Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the actual extent and influence of soil acidification by plants in the field remains insufficiently documented. Whatever their nature, assessment of pedogenetic processes operating in agricultural soils relies on an accurate description of soil clay mineralogy, which remains a challenge owing to the frequent coexistence of many different phases, poorly crystalline, often interstratified, having closely related compositions [21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last two decades, decomposition of XRD patterns has been combined with simulations of XRD patterns [29,30] to enhance and rationalize the description of soil clay mineralogy and of its evolution as a result of agricultural practices [9,10,15,[31][32][33][34]. Despite significant improvements, prompted in particular by the identification of interstratified contributions, this combined approach remains limited as it does not allow a complete quantitative characterization of interstratified clays that may prevail in soils [21][22][23][24][25]35]. The availability of full-profile XRD modelling combined to the multi-specimen approach allowed such a complete and quantitative characterization of interstratified clays [36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability of full-profile XRD modelling combined to the multi-specimen approach allowed such a complete and quantitative characterization of interstratified clays [36][37][38]. When used in conjunction with sequential particle size fractionation, this full-profile modelling approach has allowed a comprehensive and quantitative characterization of clay mineralogy in a variety of soils [23][24][25]35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Development under Continuous Agriculture at the Morrow Plots Experimental Fields from X-ray Diffraction Profile Modelling

et al. 2018

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Impact of continuous cropping on clay mineralogy was assessed on a collection of unfertilized soil samples from the Morrow Plots experimental fields covering 110 years of long crop rotations. Evolution of mineralogy was quantitatively determined by fitting X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns from four size fractions (50-2, 2-0.2, 0.2-0.05 and <0.05 µm) of the surface horizon (0-20 cm). The mineralogy of the three clay subfractions (2-0.2 µm, 0.2-0.05 µm and <0.05 µm) consists mainly of coexisting illite-smectite-chlorite whose compositions range from discrete illite (in the 2-0.2 µm subfraction) to discrete smectite (in the <0.05 µm subfraction). Mixed layers of similar compositions were used to fit XRD data from all clay subfractions. With decreasing size fractions, both the size of the coherent scattering domains and the proportion of illite-rich mixed layers decrease, thus accounting for the higher cation exchange measured in the <0.05 µm subfraction compared to other clay subfractions. The analysis of fine clay subfractions (<0.2 µm or lower) provided key information and constraints to a complete and accurate description of the bulk <2 µm fraction. Additional constraints derived from chemical treatments (K-saturation and heating) proved to be especially useful to propose a reliable structure model for these fine clay subfractions because of their weakly modulated diffraction signature. Mineralogy of all subfractions considered is essentially stable over the studied period , with the relative proportion of the different clay layer types (illite, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite) showing no significant evolution in the bulk <2 µm fraction. A century of continuous cropping thus results essentially in an increase of fine clay particles (<0.05 µm) and a decrease of the 0.2-0.05 µm subfraction, indicative of clay mineral dissolution and consistent with observed increase of cation exchange capacity with time. The relative proportion of the bulk <2 µm fraction is nearly constant over the studied period, indicative of minimal export of clay phases.

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Section: Qualitative Mineralogy Of Clay Subfractionssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Simulation Of Xrd Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Development under Continuous Agriculture at the Morrow Plots Experimental Fields from X-ray Diffraction Profile Modelling

et al. 2018

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Review Article. What are the nature and formation conditions of hydroxy‐interlayered minerals (HIMs) in soil?

Georgiadis

Dietel

Dohrmann

et al. 2019

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Primary minerals of the parent material undergo weathering during the formation of terrestrial soils to varying extent. As a result, secondary minerals develop, which comprise, among many others, hydroxy-interlayered minerals (HIMs). These minerals have formed by interlayering of hydroxy-metal complexes (especially of Al 3+ , also Mg 2+ , Fe 2+/3+ ) into micas, expansible 2:1 phyllosilicates and forming oligomers, or by weathering of primary chlorite. The degree of interlayer filling and the stability of these fillings affect several physico-chemical soil properties, for instance the cation exchange capacity. Although many studies have been conducted on formation, occurrence, and properties of HIMs in soil during the last decades, several challenges still exist. These challenges include analytical identification and quantification of HIMs in soil, the nature of the interlayer filling and the identification of favorable conditions in soil for the formation of HIMs. In order to deepen the understanding of formation, properties, and fate of HIMs in soil, we critically reviewed the available literature. Based on the review, we recommend using a new structural model that enables quantification of hydroxy-interlayered smectite in soil by X-ray diffractometry, laboratory experiments on the formation and preservation of different types of interlayers and considering the temporal and spatial dimension of the formation of HIMs in soil in more detail.

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Does calcium carbonate influence clay mineral transformation in soils developed from slope deposits in Southern Poland?

et al. 2020

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Purpose Literature reported that soils characterized by heterogeneity would reveal the different direction of clay minerals transformation. Hence, in this study, four soils developed on menilite shales slope deposits were investigated to test if the clay minerals transformations in soils with varied calcium carbonate distribution would show multidirectional paths of clay mineral weathering, or if transformation of secondary phases in such stratified materials would reveal only one trajectory. Methods The separated clay fractions were analysed using X-ray diffractometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Geochemical analyses were performed using ICP-ES and ICP-MS after sample fusion with lithium borate and an alloy dissolution with nitric acid. Results Calcium carbonate did not influence the composition and transformation of clay minerals. Despite the fact that soils were characterized by different content and distribution of calcium carbonate within the solum and additionally indicated various morphological features, the mineralogical composition of clay fraction was very uniform. Among the secondary phases, chlorite, illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and mixed phases illite-smectite and vermiculite-chlorite were detected in all horizons. Conclusions The uniform composition of the clay minerals in the studied soils suggested that mass movement, which controlled the formation of slope covers, was probably of a similar character and intensity across the whole of the slope. Furthermore, it seems that the pedogenesis in all soils proceeded on the same scale of advancement. This was indicated by a similar degree of weathering of soil material and lack of depth-dependent weathering in the profiles, confirmed by values of weathering indices (CIA and ICV) as well as by micromorphologically visible, highly weathered coarse fragments. Moreover, weak intensity of the illuviation process within the homogeneous substrate could have resulted in the very uniform composition of clay minerals in the studied soils.

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Investigation of clay mineralogy in a temperate acidic soil of a forest using X-ray diffraction profile modeling: Beyond the HIS and HIV description

Cited by 52 publications

References 59 publications

Soil Development under Continuous Agriculture at the Morrow Plots Experimental Fields from X-ray Diffraction Profile Modelling

Soil Development under Continuous Agriculture at the Morrow Plots Experimental Fields from X-ray Diffraction Profile Modelling

Review Article. What are the nature and formation conditions of hydroxy‐interlayered minerals (HIMs) in soil?

Does calcium carbonate influence clay mineral transformation in soils developed from slope deposits in Southern Poland?

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