Investigation of cholesterol gallstone disease

Forrest, Karen; Welch, C E; Williams, Earl; Smart, Howard; Lombard, Martin

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69412-9

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The incidence rate of the formation of cholesterol gallstones (CGS) is increasing with the popularity of Western food ( 1 , 2 ). CGS are caused by cholesterol precipitation in the gallbladder or biliary tract, which can lead to more serious diseases, such as cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, gallbladder carcinoma, and colon cancers ( 3 , 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FXR Signaling-Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism Is Critical for Alleviation of Cholesterol Gallstones by Lactobacillus Strains

Huang

Dong

et al. 2022

Microbiol Spectr

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FXR Signaling-Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism Is Critical for Alleviation of Cholesterol Gallstones by Lactobacillus Strains

Huang

Dong

et al. 2022

Microbiol Spectr

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“…Due to their composition, gallstones are classified into several groups. About 90% of all gallstones in the European population belong to the cholesterol group, where the core of the stones is formed by a combination of cholesterol with calcium salts and glycoproteins (Forrest et al 2006 ). The second most common group is the so-called pigmented stones, most often composed of calcium bilirubinate, fatty acids and mucin (Cetta 1991 ; Vítek and Carey 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of bacterial metagenomic analysis in post-surgical examination of gallstones

et al. 2021

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Gallstone disease is one of the most common causes of hospitalization for gastrointestinal diseases in the world. Recent studies have examined the presence of bacteria in the formation of stones. Our main goal was to determine the overall composition of gallstone microflora. Gallstones were obtained from 24 patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy from which DNA were extracted. Composition of bacterial flora was evaluated on 16 s rDNA sequencing technique. In the vast majority of samples, bacteria were present, and four groups could be differentiated regarding the flora. Overall composition shows that 87% of the stones were cholesterol/mixed type of gallstone. Additionally, potentially harmful microorganisms (Streptococcus, Clostridium and Kocuria) that could cause post-surgery complications were identified in several patients. The obtained results indicate that this technique may be useful in analyzing the type of stones and in pinpointing the presence of pathogenic bacteria.

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“…The incidence rate of cholesterol gallstone (CGS) formation is increasing with the popularity of Western food [1,2]. CGSs are caused by cholesterol precipitation in the gallbladder or biliary tract, which can lead to more serious diseases, such as cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, gallbladder carcinoma and colon cancers [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alleviation of Cholesterol Gallstones by Lactobacillus Targeting the Gut Microbiota Depends on Global Farnesoid X Receptor-Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism

Wan¹,

Zhuang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Cholesterol gallstone (CGS) disease is characterized by an imbalance in bile acid (BA) metabolism and is closely associated with gut microbiota disorders. However, the role and mechanism by which probiotics targeting the gut microbiota attenuate CGS are still unknown. In this study, Lactobacillus reuteri CGMCC 17942 (LR) and L. plantarum CGMCC 14407 (LP) were individually administered to lithogenic diet (LD)-fed mice at a dosage of 109 CFU/day for 8 weeks. Results Both Lactobacillus strains significantly reduced LD-induced gallstones, hepatic steatosis, and hyperlipidemia. These strains modulated serum BA profiles, with significantly decreased conjugated primary BA taurine-β-muricholic acid (T-β-MCA), an FXR antagonist. At the molecular level, LR and LP increased Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) expression in the liver but not in the ileum, increased the levels of ileum and liver fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) and liver FGFR4, small heterodimer partner (SHP), and subsequently reduced cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily B polypeptide 1 (CYP7B1) to inhibit BA synthesis in the liver. At the same time, the two strains enhanced BA transport by increasing the levels of multidrug-resistance-associated protein homologs (MRP) 3/4, multidrug-resistance-associated protein homologs (MRP) 3/4, hepatic multidrug resistance protein (MDR2) and bile salt export pump (BSEP) mRNA in the liver. In addition, both LR and LP reduced LD-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis. LR increased the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, while LP increased that of Akkermansia. The changed gut microbiota was significantly negatively correlated with the grade and incidence of gallstones, hyperlipidemia, the level of T-β-MCA in serum, or the gene expression levels of Fxr in liver. Furthermore, the protective effects of the two strains were abolished by a global but not intestinal-specific FXR antagonist. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggested that Lactobacillus might relieve gallstones through FXR-dependent regulation of BA synthesis and transport.

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Investigation of cholesterol gallstone disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

FXR Signaling-Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism Is Critical for Alleviation of Cholesterol Gallstones by Lactobacillus Strains

FXR Signaling-Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism Is Critical for Alleviation of Cholesterol Gallstones by Lactobacillus Strains

The value of bacterial metagenomic analysis in post-surgical examination of gallstones

Alleviation of Cholesterol Gallstones by Lactobacillus Targeting the Gut Microbiota Depends on Global Farnesoid X Receptor-Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism

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