Investigation of cavitation-induced damage on PDMS films

Wrede, Alex H.; Al-Masri, Faisal; Montazami, Reza; Hashemi, Nastaran

doi:10.1039/c9ay01576k

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…In our methodology a finite amount of MBs are captured on the coverslip surface and in return, the cavitation force localized to these regions. [42] Astrocytes that are not nearby these cavitation regions experience dampened exposures from cavitation and reduced overall damage. Reduced damage exposure also leads to varied gene expressions levels, analogous to the increased variation in our results.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Via Qpcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Astrocytic Response after Experiencing Cavitation In Vitro

et al. 2020

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When a traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs, low‐pressure regions inside the skull can cause vapor contents in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to expand and collapse, a phenomenon known as cavitation. When these microbubbles (MBs) collapse, shock waves are radiated outward and are known to damage surrounding materials in other applications, like the steel foundation of boat propellers, so it is alarming to realize the damage that cavitation inflicts on vulnerable brain tissue. Using cell‐laden microfibers, the longitudinal morphological response that mouse astrocytes have to surrounding cavitation in vitro is visually analyzed. Astrocytic damage is evident immediately after cavitation when compared to a control sample, as their processes retract. Forty‐eight hours later, the astrocytes appeared to spread across the fibers, as normal. This study also analyzes the gene expression changes that occur post‐cavitation via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods. After cavitation a number of pro‐inflammatory genes are upregulated, including TNFα, IL‐1β, C1q, Serping1, NOS1, IL‐6, and JMJD3. Taken together, these results confirm that surrounding cavitation is detrimental to astrocytic function, and yield opportunities to further the understanding of how protective headgear can minimize or eliminate the occurrence of cavitation.

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Section: Genetic Analysis Via Qpcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Astrocytic Response after Experiencing Cavitation In Vitro

et al. 2020

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How do neuroglial cells respond to ultrasound induced cavitation?

et al. 2021

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Reactive astrocytes are known to play a vital role in the overall response of the brain during a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Modern studies have speculated the existence of cavitation in the skull during a TBI, which has alarming potential to cause detrimental damage. Previous studies have confirmed the upregulation of various harmful genes in neurodegenerative diseases. Studying the longitudinal presence of these harmful genes in response to cavitation allows for optimized understanding of and treatment methods for cavitation exposure. We seek to characterize the longitudinal genetic expression levels that astrocytes exhibit after exposure to cavitation and further elucidate the startling presence of cranial cavitation. We have designed a system to induce cavitation on targeted microbubbles. Astrocytic expression levels of various common genes, like TNFα, IL-1β, and NOS1, that have been documented in TBI studies are our target of interest. Results summarize specific gene trends from 1 h to 48 h after cavitation. Our data conclude that maximum expression is not consistently exhibited immediately after cavitation exposure and most genes have individualized genetic trends. IL-1β shows a decreasing expression over 48 h, and TNFα shows upregulation until the 6 h time point but then begins to decrease in expression. The upregulation of NOS1 has been documented in neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. This study has shown a consistent upregulation in NOS1 expression from 0 h to 48 h. These results postulate a possible linkage between cavitation damage and neurodegenerative diseases. This analysis also provides novelty in optimizing treatments for the astrocytic function after TBI and legitimizing the concern of cranial cavitation existence.

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Spin-Coating Fabrication Method of PDMS/NdFeB Composites Using Chitosan/PCL Coating

Powojska,

Mystkowski,

Gundabattini

et al. 2024

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This paper verified the possibility of applying chitosan and/or ferulic acid or polycaprolactone (PCL)-based coatings to polydimethylsiloxane/neodymium–iron–boron (PDMS/NdFeB) composites using the spin-coating method. The surface modification of magnetic composites by biofunctional layers allows for the preparation of materials for biomedical applications. Biofunctional layered magnetic composites were obtained in three steps. The spin-coating method with various parameters (time and spin speed) was used to apply different substances to the surface of the composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to analyze the thickness and surface topography. The contact angle of the obtained surfaces was tested. Increasing spin speed and increasing process time for the same speed resulted in decreasing the composite’s thickness. The linear and surface roughness for the prepared coatings were approximately 0.2 μm and 0.01 μm, respectively, which are desirable values in the context of biocompatibility. The contact angle test results showed that both the addition of chitosan and PCL to PDMS have reduced the contact angle θ from 105° for non-coated composite to θ~59–88° depending on the coating. The performed modifications gave promising results mainly due to making the surface hydrophilic, which is a desirable feature of projected biomaterials.

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Investigation of cavitation-induced damage on PDMS films

Abstract: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are complex phenomena that create epidemic healthcare and financial concerns.

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Characterization of Astrocytic Response after Experiencing Cavitation In Vitro

Characterization of Astrocytic Response after Experiencing Cavitation In Vitro

How do neuroglial cells respond to ultrasound induced cavitation?

Spin-Coating Fabrication Method of PDMS/NdFeB Composites Using Chitosan/PCL Coating

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