Investigation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) on Mechanical Properties of Cold Water Fish Gelatin Biodegradable Edible Films

Abstract

The tendency to use biocompatible packages, such as biodegradable films, is growing since they contain natural materials, are recyclable and do not cause environmental pollution. In this research, cold water fish gelatin and carboxymethyl cellulose were combined for use in edible films. Due to its unique properties, gelatin is widely used in creating gel, and in restructuring, stabilizing, emulsifying, and forming foam and film in food industries. This research for the first time modified and improved the mechanical properties of cold water fish gelatin films in combination with carboxymethyl cellulose. Cold water fish gelatin films along with carboxymethyl cellulose with concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 50% were prepared using the casting method. The mechanical properties were tested by the American National Standard Method. Studying the absorption isotherm of the resulting composite films specified that the humidity of single-layer water decreased (p < 0.05) and caused a reduction in the equilibrium moisture of these films. In the mechanical testing of the composite films, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus significantly increased and the elongation percent significantly decreased with the increase in the concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose. Considering the biodegradability of the films and the improvement of their mechanical properties by carboxymethyl cellulose, this kind of packaging can be used in different industries, especially the food industry, as an edible coating for packaging food and agricultural crops.

Low‐cost and biodegradable cellulose/PVP/activated carbon composite membrane for brackish water treatment

“…The elasticity and hardness have been found to be distinctively higher for the charcoal incorporated composite which indeed emphasizes that the presence of activated charcoal has enhanced the composite's overall mechanical strength. Tabari has already investigated the influence of carboxymethyl cellulose on the mechanical strength of the polymer film. The variation of concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose leads to an increase in the tensile strength of the material.…”

“…The elasticity and hardness have been found to be distinctively higher for the charcoal incorporated composite which indeed emphasizes that the presence of activated charcoal has enhanced the composite's overall mechanical strength. Tabari 44 has already investigated the influence of carboxymethyl Crosslinking the material with citric acid imparts good plasticity besides stabilizing the moisture absorption of the material. The addition of glycerol also acts as the plasticizing agent, increases free movement of the polysaccharide backbone of the material, thereby facilitating greater expansion leading to increased elongation at break (elasticity).…”

Humidity Responsive Photonic Sensor based on a Carboxymethyl Cellulose Mechanical Actuator

“…They found βcoating of polyimide to be around 8 x 10 -5 %RH -1 . Performing a similar analysis and using values of Young's modulus for CMC films from the literature, [16][17] we find βcoating of CMC to be roughly 9 x 10 -3 %RH -1 . One of the reasons why CMC gives a lower response to humidity than polyimide is that the Young's modulus for polyimide is an order of magnitude larger than that of CMC.…”

Chitosan Based Films Incorporated with Turmeric/Clove/Ginger Essential Oil for Food Packaging

“…This may be due to influence of the steel plates which were used as a mould to obtain the films. The thickness of chitosanbased films incorporated with combined essential oil of cinnamon and ginger ranged from 0.068 to 0.105 mm when measured using a digital micrometer [11]. Thickness of the films was determined using a digital coating thickness gauge (Elcometer A300 FNP 23, Elcometer Instrument Ltd., Manchester, England) to the nearest 0.001 mm [12].…”