Investigation of Biomechanical Characteristics of Orthopedic Implants for Tibial Plateau Fractures by Means of Deep Learning and Support Vector Machine Classification

Abstract

<jats:p>An experimental comparative study of the biomechanical behavior of commonly used orthopedic implants for tibial plateau fractures was carried out. An artificial bone model Synbone1110 was used and a Schatzker V type tibial plateau fracture was created in vitro, then stabilized with three different implant types, classic L plate, Locking Plate System (PLS), and Hybrid External Fixator (HEF). The stiffness of the bone—implant assembly was assessed by means of mechanical testing using an automated testing machine. It was found that the classic L plate type internal implant has a significantly higher value of deformation then the other two implant types. In case of the other implant types, PLS had a better performance than HEF at low and medium values of the applied force. At high values of the applied forces, the difference between deformation values of the two types became gradually smaller. An Artificial Neural Network model was developed to predict the implant deformation as a function of the applied force and implant device type. To establish if a clear-cut distinction exists between mechanical performance of PLS and HEF, a Support Vector Machine classifier was employed. At high values of the applied force, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier predicts that no statistically significant difference exists between the performance of PLS and HEF.</jats:p>

Mechanics of Screw Joints Solved as Beams Placed in a Tangential Elastic Foundation

“…In traumatology and orthopaedics, the pull-out tests of bone screws are mostly connected with the reliability assessment of screw joints. Bone screws are commonly used in implants for internal or external fracture fixation (see [12,13,15,16,19,24,25,27,28]). To date, works on bone screw pull-outs have focused mainly on cadaver, animal and artificial bones (healthy or osteoporotic) (see [14,17,26]).…”

“…There are also other possible directions of development in theoretical and application areas, such as biomechanics (i.e., applications in traumatology and orthopaedics, see [12][13][14][15]17,19,[24][25][26][28][29][30], etc. ), wooden structures (see [1,2,6,8]), plastics and probabilistic reliability assessment of screw joints (see [3,6,29,[31][32][33], etc).…”

“…Important applications of screws are also found in surgery and in the treatment of complicated fractures and deformities of humans/animals in traumatology/orthopaedics (external and internal fixations in osteosyntheses, etc.) (see Figure 1c and, for example, references [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]). It is also surprising that screw joints even occur naturally in some biological tissues, e.g., coxa-trochanteral joints on the legs of the weevil Trigonopterus oblongus.…”

Development and Preliminary Trajectory Verification of the Electromotor-Driven Parallel External Fixator for Deformity Correction

“…External fixators are widely used in orthopedics and allow for gradual correction, based on distraction osteogenesis (DO), for fracture reduction and deformity correction [19,20]. In terms of the configuration of the external fixator, the Ilizarov external fixator is the most mature ring fixator in clinical applications.…”

Evaluation of Normal and Pathological Patellar Tendon by Real- Time Shear Wave Elastography

“…The evaluation of the elastic properties of a tissue was firstly reported in 1991 by ultrasound image [9], but the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) made this imaging technique the gold standard for the evaluation of soft tissue lesions, particularly tendons and muscles [10]. A new method used to evaluate tissue elasticity based on differences in stiffness between different biological tissues is the ultrasound elastography (USE) [11].…”