Investigation of bacterial and fungal communities in indoor and outdoor air of elementary school classrooms by 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing

Lee, Bong Gu; Yang, Jun; Kim, Eun-A; Geum, Sun Woo; Park, Ju‐Hyeong; Yeo, Min‐Kyeong

doi:10.1111/ina.12825

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that the primary sources of bacterial communities in indoor air were human occupants, pets, plants, water, plumbing systems, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning systems, and the outdoor environment [26,27]. We obtained similar results in this study (Table 1), where several DGGE bands were considered to be derived from the human oral cavity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Enhydrobacter, Streptococcus, and Micrococcus were the top three most abundant genera in indoor air (elementary school classrooms). At the same time, Methylobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Deinococcus were the top three most abundant genera in outdoor air [26]. Macrococcus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus were dominant in indoor air (office rooms) [37,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Impact of Hinoki Cypress Wood on Diversity of Microflora: A Case Study from Owase City Hall

Tanaka

Uei²,

Matsui³

et al. 2021

Diversity

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Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) shows durability against termites and wood decay-causing fungi and is used as a construction material in Japan. However, the effects of the material are still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Hinoki cypress has antimicrobial effects against airborne microorganisms. We examined the influence of Hinoki cypress on the growth of airborne bacteria and fungi using culture-based methods. The growth of bacterial colonies was observed after day 3 in the control group without Hinoki material. In contrast, the growth of bacterial colonies was observed after day 13 in the experimental group containing Hinoki material. In the experimental group, the number of fungal colonies was smaller than that in the control group, suggesting the antifungal effect of Hinoki cypress to some extent. In addition, we characterized the community structure of airborne bacteria in two rooms with and without cypress wood by the culture-independent method of PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. This also suggested differences in the community structure of airborne bacteria depending on the presence or absence of Hinoki cypress wood. These results indicate that Hinoki cypress might be a useful functional material in building environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impact of Hinoki Cypress Wood on Diversity of Microflora: A Case Study from Owase City Hall

Tanaka

Uei²,

Matsui³

et al. 2021

Diversity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…No significant correlations were found between the levels of airborne bacteria in outside air versus indoor air. This should not be surprising since there are few pathogenic bacteria found in outside air, with most being environmental bacteria that pose no hazard to humans (Lee et al 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of multiple fixed in-room air cleaners with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, in high-occupancy areas of selected commercial indoor environments

Lee

Delclòs

Berkheiser

et al. 2021

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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The use of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) to combat disease transmission has come into the international spotlight again because of the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and ongoing outbreaks of MDROs (multidrug resistant organisms) in hospitals. Although the implementation of ultraviolet disinfection technology is widely employed in healthcare facilities and its effectiveness has been repeatedly demonstrated, the use of such technology in the commercial sector has been limited. Considering that most disease transmission occurs in commercial, public, and residential indoor environments as opposed to healthcare facilities, there is a need to understand whether ultraviolet (UV) disinfection technology can be effective for mitigating disease transmission in these environments. The results presented here demonstrate that the installation of fixed in-room UVGI air cleaners in commercial buildings, including restaurants and offices, can produce significant reductions in both airborne and surface borne bacterial contamination. Total airborne reductions after UV implementation at six separate commercial sites averaged 73% (p<0.0001) with a range of 71-88%. Total non-high touch surface reductions after implementation averaged 55% (p<0.0001) with a range of 28-88%. All reductions at the mitigated sites were statistically significant. The mean value of indoor airborne bacteria was 320 CFU/m 3 before intervention and 76 CFU/m 3 after. The mean value of indoor non-high touch surface borne bacteria was 131 CFU/plate before intervention and 47 CFU/plate after. All test locations and controls had their required pandemic cleaning procedures in place for pre-and post-sampling events. Outdoor levels of airborne bacteria were monitored and there was no significant correlation between the levels of airborne bacteria in the outside air as opposed to the indoor air. Rooms with fixed in-room UVGI air cleaners installed had significant CFU reductions on local surface contamination, which is a novel and important finding. Installation of fixed in-room UVGI air cleaners in commercial buildings will decontaminate the indoor environment and reduce hazardous exposure to human pathogens.

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“…Next-generation sequencing has an advantage over the conventional culture-based microbial identification method that neglects the important indoor microorganisms that develop a viable but non-cultivable state ( Muthuirulan and Sharma, 2017 ; Tong et al, 2017 ; Gao et al, 2018 ; He et al, 2020 ). The 16s amplicon sequencing method has been applied for bacterial community profiling from indoor aerosols ( Chen et al, 2017 ; Chakrawarti et al, 2020 ; Behbehani et al, 2021a ; Lee et al, 2021 ), particulate matter in the air ( Habibi et al, 2021e ), and dust ( Al Salameen et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ), among other matrixes. The targeted sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region have also been sequenced to gain information on the fungal communities within air samples ( Okten and Asan, 2012 ; Al Salameen et al, 2020 ; Behbehani et al, 2021a , b ; Lee et al, 2021 ; Salameen et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and fungal communities in indoor aerosols from two Kuwaiti hospitals

et al. 2022

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The airborne transmission of COVID-19 has drawn immense attention to bioaerosols. The topic is highly relevant in the indoor hospital environment where vulnerable patients are treated and healthcare workers are exposed to various pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes. Knowledge of the microbial communities in such settings will enable precautionary measures to prevent any hospital-mediated outbreak and better assess occupational exposure of the healthcare workers. This study presents a baseline of the bacterial and fungal population of two major hospitals in Kuwait dealing with COVID patients, and in a non-hospital setting through targeted amplicon sequencing. The predominant bacteria of bioaerosols were Variovorax (9.44%), Parvibaculum (8.27%), Pseudonocardia (8.04%), Taonella (5.74%), Arthrospira (4.58%), Comamonas (3.84%), Methylibium (3.13%), Sphingobium (4.46%), Zoogloea (2.20%), and Sphingopyxis (2.56%). ESKAPEE pathogens, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, and Escherichia, were also found in lower abundances. The fungi were represented by Wilcoxinia rehmii (64.38%), Aspergillus ruber (9.11%), Penicillium desertorum (3.89%), Leptobacillium leptobactrum (3.20%), Humicola grisea (2.99%), Ganoderma sichuanense (1.42%), Malassezia restricta (0.74%), Heterophoma sylvatica (0.49%), Fusarium proliferatum (0.46%), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.23%). Some common and unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of bacteria and fungi were also recorded at each site; this inter-site variability shows that exhaled air can be a source of this variation. The alpha-diversity indices suggested variance in species richness and abundance in hospitals than in non-hospital sites. The community structure of bacteria varied spatially (ANOSIM r2 = 0.181–0.243; p < 0.05) between the hospital and non-hospital sites, whereas fungi were more or less homogenous. Key taxa specific to the hospitals were Defluvicoccales, fungi, Ganodermataceae, Heterophoma, and H. sylvatica compared to Actinobacteria, Leptobacillium, L. leptobacillium, and Cordycipitaceae at the non-hospital site (LefSe, FDR q ≤ 0.05). The hospital/non-hospital MD index > 1 indicated shifts in the microbial communities of indoor air in hospitals. These findings highlight the need for regular surveillance of indoor hospital environments to prevent future outbreaks.

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Investigation of bacterial and fungal communities in indoor and outdoor air of elementary school classrooms by 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing

Cited by 18 publications

References 56 publications

Impact of Hinoki Cypress Wood on Diversity of Microflora: A Case Study from Owase City Hall

Impact of Hinoki Cypress Wood on Diversity of Microflora: A Case Study from Owase City Hall

Evaluation of multiple fixed in-room air cleaners with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, in high-occupancy areas of selected commercial indoor environments

Bacterial and fungal communities in indoor aerosols from two Kuwaiti hospitals

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