Investigation of an apparent outbreak of Rhodococcus equi bacteremia

Langer, Adam J.; Feja, Kristina N.; Lasker, Brent A.; Hinrikson, Hans Peter; Morey, Roger E.; Pellegrini, Gerald J.; Smith, Theresa L.; Robertson, Corwin A.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.01.006

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Rhodococcu s bacteremia is relatively rare and was perceived to be invisibly associated with concomitant cavitary lung infection [6]. Isolated bacteremia and CLABSI due to Rhodococcus have been rarely reported in the literature and only described in immunocompromised patients [6], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]. The first objective of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and the source and outcomes of Rhodococcus bacteremia in cancer patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhodococcus Bacteremia in Cancer Patients Is Mostly Catheter Related and Associated with Biofilm Formation

et al. 2012

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Rhodococcus is an emerging cause of opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, most commonly causing cavitary pneumonia. It has rarely been reported as a cause of isolated bacteremia. However, the relationship between bacteremia and central venous catheter is unknown. Between 2002 and 2010, the characteristics and outcomes of seventeen cancer patients with Rhodococcus bacteremia and indwelling central venous catheters were evaluated. Rhodococcus bacteremias were for the most part (94%) central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). Most of the bacteremia isolates were Rhodococcus equi (82%). Rhodococcus isolates formed heavy microbial biofilm on the surface of polyurethane catheters, which was reduced completely or partially by antimicrobial lock solution. All CLABSI patients had successful response to catheter removal and antimicrobial therapy. Rhodococcus species should be added to the list of biofilm forming organisms in immunocompromised hosts and most of the Rhodococcus bacteremias in cancer patients are central line associated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhodococcus Bacteremia in Cancer Patients Is Mostly Catheter Related and Associated with Biofilm Formation

et al. 2012

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“…Rhodococcus infection was suspected, based on colony morphology and growth, but ultimately needed gene sequencing for final identification. Thus, Rhodococcus infections can remain elusive owing to difficulties in laboratory identification, nomenclatural instability, and similarity of signs and symptoms to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection . In our case, multiple blood cultures were initially misclassified as Bacillus , non‐anthracis until further evidence from lung biopsy prompted sending the initial blood cultures for further genetic testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antibiotic failure in a renal transplant patient with Rhodococcus equi infection: an indication for surgical lobectomy

Ursales

Klein

Beal

et al. 2014

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Rhodococcus equi is an animal pathogen that causes infrequent but challenging infections in immunocompromised individuals, few of which have been described in solid organ transplant recipients. Common clinical presentations include indolent cough, fever, and dyspnea, with necrotizing pneumonia and cavitation. We report a case of a dense right upper lung pneumonia with resultant R. equi bacteremia in a renal transplant recipient. Our patient initially responded to antibiotic treatment with resolution of bacteremia and clinical recovery, followed by interval progression in her right upper lobe consolidation on follow-up computed tomography scans. She underwent lobectomy for definitive therapy with resolution of symptoms. Lobectomy can be utilized in isolated infection after antibiotic failure with excellent clinical outcomes.

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“…are generally susceptible to many antimicrobial drugs [5, 6] In a report on the antimicrobial susceptibility of 13 clinical isolates and one type strain, Moser et al [18] found that G. polyisoprenivorans had high susceptibility to amikacin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and linezolid, but poor susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clarithromycin, tigecycline, and minocycline, with 36–57% of tested isolates showing higher minimal inhibitory concentrations. The isolate in the report by Langer et al [13] also showed resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In the present case, we also found that G. polyisoprenivorans was insensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…They are sometimes dismissed as Corynebacteria , Nocardia , or Rhodococcus species [12, 13, 16, 17]. It is also believed that the incidence of Gordonia infections has been underestimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteremia due to Gordonia polyisoprenivorans: case report and review of literature

Ding

Chen

et al. 2017

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Gordonia polyisoprenivorans is a ubiquitous aerobic actinomycetes bacterium that rarely cause infections in humans. Here, we report a case of G. polyisoprenivorans catheter-related bacteremia in an AIDS patient.Case presentationA 37-year-old man with a past medical history of AIDS-related lymphoma suffered bacteremia caused by a Gram-positive corynebacterium. The strain was identified as a Gordonia species by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry and confirmed to G. polyisoprenivorans by 16S rRNA combined with gyrB gene sequencing analyses. The patient was treated with imipenem and had a good outcome.ConclusionsThe findings from our case and previously reported cases indicate that malignant hematologic disease, immunosuppression, and indwelling catheter heighten the risk for G. polyisoprenivorans infection. Molecular methods should be employed for proper identification of G. polyisoprenivorans to the species level.

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Investigation of an apparent outbreak of Rhodococcus equi bacteremia

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Rhodococcus Bacteremia in Cancer Patients Is Mostly Catheter Related and Associated with Biofilm Formation

Rhodococcus Bacteremia in Cancer Patients Is Mostly Catheter Related and Associated with Biofilm Formation

Antibiotic failure in a renal transplant patient with Rhodococcus equi infection: an indication for surgical lobectomy

Bacteremia due to Gordonia polyisoprenivorans: case report and review of literature

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