Investigation of AC Electrical Properties of MXene-PCL Nanocomposites for Application in Small and Medium Power Generation

Kołtunowicz, Tomasz N.; Gałaszkiewicz, Piotr; Kierczyński, Konrad; Rogalski, Przemysław; Okal, Paweł; Pogrebnjak, A.D.; Buranich, Vladimir; Pogorielov, Мaksym; Diedkova, Kateryna; Zahorodna, Veronika; Balitskyi, Vitalii; Serhiienko, Vladyslav; Baginskyi, Ivan; Gogotsi, Oleksiy

doi:10.3390/en14217123

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These are two-dimensional materials with translational symmetry, consisting of flat lattices ranging in thickness from one to several atomic dimensions. Such materials are graphene, MXenes and a few others; see, for example, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The examination of the dispersion of inclusions leading to conductivity through tunneling aligns precisely with the investigation of the percolation phenomenon in two-dimensional matrices exhibiting translational symmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Monte Carlo Simulation of Percolation Phenomena for Direct Current in Large Square Matrices

Zukowski,

Okal,

Kierczynski

et al. 2023

Energies

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In this study, an in-depth analysis of the percolation phenomenon for square matrices with dimensions from L = 50 to 600 for a sample number of 5 × 104 was performed using Monte Carlo computer simulations. The percolation threshold value was defined as the number of conductive nodes remaining in the matrix before drawing the node interrupting the last percolation channel, in connection with the overall count of nodes within the matrix. The distributions of percolation threshold values were found to be normal distributions. The dependencies of the expected value (mean) of the percolation threshold and the standard deviation of the dimensions of the matrix were determined. It was established that the standard deviation decreased with the increase in matrix dimensions, ranging from 0.0262253 for a matrix with L = 50 to 0.0044160 for L = 600, which is almost six-fold lower. The mean value of the percolation threshold was practically constant and amounted to approximately 0.5927. The analysis involved not only the spatial distributions of nodes interrupting the percolation channels but also the overall patterns of node interruption in the matrix. The distributions revealed an edge phenomenon within the matrices, characterized by the maximum concentration of nodes interrupting the final percolation channel occurring at the center of the matrix. As they approached the edge of the matrix, their concentration decreased. It was established that increasing the dimensions of the matrix slowed down the rate of decrease in the number of nodes towards the edge. In doing so, the area in which values close to the maximum occurred was expanded. Based on the approximation of the experimental results, formulas were determined describing the spatial distributions of the nodes interrupting the last percolation channel and the values of the standard deviation from the matrix dimensions. The relationships obtained showed that with increasing matrix dimensions, the edge phenomenon should gradually disappear, and the percolation threshold standard deviation values caused by it will tend towards zero.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Monte Carlo Simulation of Percolation Phenomena for Direct Current in Large Square Matrices

Zukowski,

Okal,

Kierczynski

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…PCL was dissolved at 16 wt % in the chloroform/ethanol/ acetic acid mixture at an 8:1:1 ratio and stirred at RT for 4 h to dissolve the polymer. 71 The parameters of electrospinning were used as described in 32 with modifications at a 25 kV voltage, an 180 mm distance, and a 12 mL/h feed rate.…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 We have demonstrated the usability of MXene to modify electrospun polymer nanofiber membranes and to achieve a high conductivity. 31,32 However, improvement and optimization of the deposition techniques are still required as well as a more detailed biomedical characterization of MXenes both in vitro and in vivo. Special emphasis should be placed on the reproducibility of composites' manufacturing and their electrical and biological properties as well as on the effects of the MXene structure and chemistry on the biomedical effects.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycaprolactone–MXene Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

Diedkova

Pogrebnjak

Kyrylenko

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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New conductive materials for tissue engineering are needed for the development of regenerative strategies for nervous, muscular, and heart tissues. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is used to obtain biocompatible and biodegradable nanofiber scaffolds by electrospinning. MXenes, a large class of biocompatible 2D nanomaterials, can make polymer scaffolds conductive and hydrophilic. However, an understanding of how their physical properties affect potential biomedical applications is still lacking. We immobilized Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene in several layers on the electrospun PCL membranes and used positron annihilation analysis combined with other techniques to elucidate the defect structure and porosity of nanofiber scaffolds. The polymer base was characterized by the presence of nanopores. The MXene surface layers had abundant vacancies at temperatures of 305− 355 K, and a voltage resonance at 8 × 10 4 Hz with the relaxation time of 6.5 × 10 6 s was found in the 20−355 K temperature interval. The appearance of a long-lived component of the positron lifetime was observed, which was dependent on the annealing temperature. The study of conductivity of the composite scaffolds in a wide temperature range, including its inductive and capacity components, showed the possibility of the use of MXene-coated PCL membranes as conductive biomaterials. The electronic structure of MXene and the defects formed in its layers were correlated with the biological properties of the scaffolds in vitro and in bacterial adhesion tests. Double and triple MXene coatings formed an appropriate environment for cell attachment and proliferation with mild antibacterial effects. A combination of structural, chemical, electrical, and biological properties of the PCL−MXene composite demonstrated its advantage over the existing conductive scaffolds for tissue engineering.

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“…Having received the first representative of the new family of two-dimensional materials with unique properties, MXenes have become one of the most popular areas of modern science [117]. Their active study led to the rapid discovery of new transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides with various chemical compositions, structures, and characteristics.…”

Section: Mxene Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXenes—A New Class of Two-Dimensional Materials: Structure, Properties and Potential Applications

et al. 2021

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A new class of two-dimensional nanomaterials, MXenes, which are carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides of transition and refractory metals, has been critically analyzed. Since the synthesis of the first family member in 2011 by Yury Gogotsi and colleagues, MXenes have quickly become attractive for a variety of research fields due to their exceptional properties. Despite the fact that this new family of 2D materials was discovered only about ten years ago, the number of scientific publications related to MXene almost doubles every year. Thus, in 2021 alone, more than 2000 papers are expected to be published, which indicates the relevance and prospects of MXenes. The current paper critically analyzes the structural features, properties, and methods of synthesis of MXenes based on recent available research data. We demonstrate the recent trends of MXene applications in various fields, such as environmental pollution removal and water desalination, energy storage and harvesting, quantum dots, sensors, electrodes, and optical devices. We focus on the most important medical applications: photo-thermal cancer therapy, diagnostics, and antibacterial treatment. The first results on obtaining and studying the structure of high-entropy MXenes are also presented.

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Investigation of AC Electrical Properties of MXene-PCL Nanocomposites for Application in Small and Medium Power Generation

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Monte Carlo Simulation of Percolation Phenomena for Direct Current in Large Square Matrices

Monte Carlo Simulation of Percolation Phenomena for Direct Current in Large Square Matrices

Polycaprolactone–MXene Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

MXenes—A New Class of Two-Dimensional Materials: Structure, Properties and Potential Applications

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