Investigation of a vibration mitigation method based on crowd flow control on a footbridge

Zhu, Qiankun; Yang, Wenbin; Du, Yanliang; Živanović, Stana

doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2021.05.034

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The dynamic relationships between pedestrians and structures have been extensively documented in the literature for civil structures, such as stairs [ 1 , 2 ], grandstands [ 3 , 4 ], slabs [ 5 , 6 ], and footbridges [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Footbridges have become one of the most affected structures in terms of vibration serviceability limit state owing to their natural condition of spanning large distances and the progressive incorporation of lighter and more resistant materials in the construction industry, which generates relatively low masses and damping and increases technical and aesthetic demands [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Consequently, these conditions generate structures that are increasingly slender and flexible, increasing their dynamic sensitivity to excessive vibrations owing to the action of loads induced by human activity [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling effects of anthropic loads with the vibrations of pedestrian bridges are due to the adaptive [ 41 ], random [ 42 , 43 ], and nonstationary conditions of the human gait [ 17 , 44 ]. HSI effects in flexible surfaces are configured as an advanced case of synchronization and are composed of three main important aspects: changes in the dynamic properties of the structure due to pedestrians, Human-to-Structure Interaction (H2SI) [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]; interactions between pedestrians in crowds, Human-to-Human Interaction (HHI) [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]; and changes in the pedestrian gait due to the structure’s vibration, Structure-to-Human Interaction (S2HI) [ 18 , 19 , 43 , 51 , 52 ]. Although many researchers have concluded that studies and interest in these topics have increased considerably in recent decades, aspects related to the behavior of the loads induced by the human gait in response to structural vibrations have not been fully detailed or understood [ 9 , 53 ]; for example, the effects of structural vibrations on pedestrian-induced gait loads in vertical and lateral directions simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Evaluation of Pedestrian-Induced Multiaxial Gait Loads on Footbridges: Effects of the Structure-to-Human Interaction by Lateral Vibrating Platforms

Castillo,

Marulanda,

Thomson

2024

Sensors

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The introduction of resistant and lightweight materials in the construction industry has led to civil structures being vulnerable to excessive vibrations, particularly in footbridges exposed to human-induced gait loads. This interaction, known as Human–Structure Interaction (HSI), involves a complex interplay between structural vibrations and gait loads. Despite extensive research on HSI, the simultaneous effects of lateral structural vibrations with fundamental frequencies close to human gait frequency (around 1.0 Hz) and wide amplitudes (over 30.0 mm) remain inadequately understood, posing a contemporary structural challenge highlighted by incidents in iconic bridges like the Millennium Bridge in London, Solferino Bridge in Paris, and Premier Bridge in Cali, Colombia. This paper focuses on the experimental exploration of Structure-to-Human Interaction (S2HI) effects using the Human–Structure Interaction Multi-Axial Test Framework (HSI-MTF). The framework enables the simultaneous measurement of vertical and lateral loads induced by human gait on surfaces with diverse frequency ranges and wide-amplitude lateral harmonic motions. The study involved seven test subjects, evaluating gait loads on rigid and harmonic lateral surfaces with displacements ranging from 5.0 to 50.0 mm and frequency content from 0.70 to 1.30 Hz. A low-cost vision-based motion capture system with smartphones analyzed the support (Tsu) and swing (Tsw) periods of human gait. Results indicated substantial differences in Tsu and Tsw on lateral harmonic protocols, reaching up to 96.53% and 58.15%, respectively, compared to rigid surfaces. Normalized lateral loads (LL) relative to the subject’s weight (W0) exhibited a linear growth proportional to lateral excitation frequency, with increased proportionality constants linked to higher vibration amplitudes. Linear regressions yielded an average R2 of 0.815. Regarding normalized vertical load (LV) with respect to W0, a consistent behavior was observed for amplitudes up to 30.0 mm, beyond which a linear increase, directly proportional to frequency, resulted in a 28.3% increment compared to rigid surfaces. Correlation analyses using Pearson linear coefficients determined relationships between structural surface vibration and pedestrian lateral motion, providing valuable insights into Structure-to-Human Interaction dynamics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation of Pedestrian-Induced Multiaxial Gait Loads on Footbridges: Effects of the Structure-to-Human Interaction by Lateral Vibrating Platforms

Castillo,

Marulanda,

Thomson

2024

Sensors

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“…This innovative perspective has led to a remarkable revolution in the design, construction, and management of these structures. In addition to these concepts, the Construction Industry has progressively encouraged the use of new, stronger, and lighter materials, which have increased susceptibility to excessive vibrations of pedestrian bridges under dynamic loads, further conditioning their serviceability [14], [26]. This sensitivity to anthropic solicitations is even more noteworthy when considering that the dynamic behavior of pedestrian bridges is generally associated with frequencies lower than 10.0 Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiaxial Test Framework for the Evaluation of Human Gait-Induced Loads on Lateral Harmonic Surfaces

Castillo,

Thomson,

Marulanda

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The introduction of increasingly resistant and light-weight materials in the construction industry, coupled with the hypothesis of a global regeneration of urban structures with higher technical and aesthetic requirements, has resulted in civil structures such as bleachers, stairs, slabs, and foot-bridge being vulnerable to excessive vibrations due to dynamic loads, especially human-induced loads. These loads present adaptive phenomena due to structural vibrations generated by the coupling effects of Human-Structure Interaction (HSI). Two main aspects are considered in the effects of HSI: the change in dynamic properties of the structure due to the additional presence of non-stationary mass, and the degree of coupling between people in transit, as well as between them and the structure. Therefore, this paper focuses on the study of the last aspect considered through the development of a Dynamic Platform, the Human-Structure Interaction Multiaxial Test Framework (HSI-MTF), to acquire three-dimensional loads induced by human gait under the effects of lateral harmonic motions. An experimental campaign was conducted with a test subject to evaluate gait loads under lateral sinusoidal movements and on rigid surface. The lateral loads, and frequency content induced by the human gait during the HSI-MTF lateral surface displacement protocols were analyzed.

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“…In fact, it is crucial to ensure in the design phase that a structure will provide enough comfort to the users, since vibration problems can be difficult and very expensive to solve after construction. Very recently, and probably due to this new tendency for big span bridges, several studies [16], [24]- [28] have focused on investigating the vibration serviceability of footbridges.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration serviceability assessment of the world's longest suspended footbridge in 2020

et al. 2022

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Investigation of a vibration mitigation method based on crowd flow control on a footbridge

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Experimental Evaluation of Pedestrian-Induced Multiaxial Gait Loads on Footbridges: Effects of the Structure-to-Human Interaction by Lateral Vibrating Platforms

Experimental Evaluation of Pedestrian-Induced Multiaxial Gait Loads on Footbridges: Effects of the Structure-to-Human Interaction by Lateral Vibrating Platforms

A Multiaxial Test Framework for the Evaluation of Human Gait-Induced Loads on Lateral Harmonic Surfaces

Vibration serviceability assessment of the world's longest suspended footbridge in 2020

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