Investigation of a source model for a new electronic brachytherapy tandem by film measurement

Abstract

PurposeTo investigate the accuracy of a vendor‐supplied source model for a new Xoft Axxent 0‐degree titanium tandem by film measurement.MethodsWe measured the anisotropy factors at varying distances and angles from the tandem in water using radiochromic film (Gafchromic EBT3) and an Epson Perfection v750 desktop flatbed scanner (US Epson, Long Beach, CA). A 0‐degree tandem was placed vertically in a water phantom. Four pieces of film, each at varying depths, were positioned orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the tandem for azimuthal anisotropy measurements. Polar anisotropy measurements were taken with the film aligned parallel to the tandem. An absolute dose calibration for the film was verified with a PTW 34013 Soft X‐Ray Chamber. The film measurements were analyzed using different color channels. The measured polar anisotropy for varying source positions was compared to the vendor's data. Azimuthal anisotropy was measured as a function of the radius and angle, and normalized to the mean value over all angles at the specified radius.ResultsThe azimuthal anisotropy of the tandem and source was found to be consistent for different positions along the tandem's longitudinal axis and at varying distances from the tandem. Absolute dose using a calibrated parallel plate chamber showed agreement to within 2% of expected TPS values. The custom tandem, which has a thicker tip than the wall, was attenuating the 50 kV photons more than expected, at the angles where the photons had more wall material to traverse. This discrepancy was verified at different distances from the tandem and with different measurement techniques. As distance increased, anisotropy values had better agreement.ConclusionsWe quantified the agreement between the measured and provided anisotropy factors for a new Xoft Axxent 0‐degree titanium tandem. Radiochromic film response at low kV energy was also investigated. Our results showed that vendor‐supplied TG‐43 values were appropriate for clinical use at majority of the angles. A rigorous quality assurance method for new electronic brachytherapy sources and applicators, along with complete knowledge of all dosimetric measuring tools, should be implemented for all parts of the verification and commissioning process.

Comparison of the 2-D Dose Distribution Calculated by Planning System and Measured by Gafchromic Film Physical Dosimetry for 60Co and 192Ir Brachytherapy Sources

“…External beam RT (EBRT) usually imposes a considerable amount of radiation to healthy organs increasing the complications after RT in the organ at risks (OAR) along with the risk of secondary cancers [3]. In addition to the new approaches in EBRT like intensity modulated RT [4], there is a good and easily available opportunity in delivering the dose more wisely and precisely to the cancer tissue by means of brachytherapy [5], especially for prostate, cervix, and vaginal cases [6]. Due to the low time duration of treatments, High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy with dose rates more than 12 Gy per hour has become more common recently for treating patients [7].…”