Investigation of a Dynamic Power Line Rating Concept for Improved Wind Energy Integration Over Complex Terrain

Abstract

Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) is a smart grid technology that allows the rating of power line conductor to be based on its real-time temperature. Currently, conductors are generally given a conservative static rating based on near worst case weather conditions. Using historical weather data collected over a test bed area in Idaho, we demonstrate there is often additional transmission capacity not being utilized under the current static rating practice. We investigate a DLR method that employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to determine wind conditions along transmission lines in dense intervals. Simulated wind conditions are then used to calculate real-time conductor temperature under changing weather conditions. In calculating the conductor temperature and then inferring the ampacity, we use both a steady-state and transient calculation procedure. Under low wind conditions, the steady-state assumption predicts higher conductor temperatures which could lead to unnecessary curtailments, whereas the transient calculations produce temperatures that can be significantly lower, implying the availability of additional transmission capacity. Equally important, we demonstrate that capturing the wind direction variability in the simulations is critical in estimating conductor temperatures accurately

Dynamic line rating for grid transfer capability optimization in Malaysia

“…In Canada, it analyzed the DLR system for a wind installation and showed an average 22% capacity increase over SLR 76% of the time [20]. According to case studies in the United Kingdom (UK), DLR integration on all major circuits in England and Wales resulted in a capacity increase of up to 30% [18], [21]. Another study reported that the DLR system in Ireland increased by 0.2 PU rating between 75% and 95% of the time for individual lines [22].…”

“…Another study reported that the DLR system in Ireland increased by 0.2 PU rating between 75% and 95% of the time for individual lines [22]. Based on the international experience in Europe, DLR provides capacity increment between 5% to 70% higher than SLR depending on location, due to different weather conditions [21], [23]. It is worth noting that weather conditions in Southeast Asia differ significantly from those in western nations.…”

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics of Wind Simulations Coupled With Weather Data to Calculate Dynamic Line Ratings

“…Studies into DLR have shown potential for day ahead planning [8], or as a way for easing congestion of lines [9,10]. Natural synergy with increased wind power generation coupled with thermal cooling also provides large benefits to promote integration with DLR technology [11][12][13][14] Results of analyzing collected weather data in the field has shown potential to increase ampacity above static for for case studies in Canada [15,16], the US and the UK [17] and forecasted weather data in Ireland [18].…”