Investigation into lignin modified PBAT/thermoplastic starch composites: Thermal, mechanical, rheological and water absorption properties

Li, Ming; Jia, Yunxiu; Shen, Xin; Shen, Tao; Tan, Zhuotao; Zhuang, Wei; Zhao, Guoming; Zhu, Chenjie; Ying, Hanjie

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113916

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The PVC/CS sample shows a coarse cross-section where a large block of CS can be found as circled in Figure 6A , whereas the rest samples, especially for the PVC/αC sample, present smoother appearance with smaller filler domains, which suggests enhanced interfacial interactions between the lignocellulosic reinforcements and the PVC matrix, and this is crucial for the reinforcing effect in polymer composites. Lignin has been reported to have better compatibility with non-protonic polymers than the carbohydrate components due to its higher hydrophobicity ( Li et al, 2021 ). The leftover lignin after pretreatment was more exposed rather than well-assembled inside the origin lignocellulosic structure and therefore may perform as a compatibilizer to improve the interfacial adhesion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride-Based Wood–Plastic Composites With Pretreated Corn Stalk

Shen

Zhang

Zhong

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Wood–plastic composites (WPCs) are a type of environmentally friendly materials widely used in daily life. This paper selected low-value biomass, corn stalk (CS), as the lignocellulosic resource for polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based WPCs. To depict the relationship between lignocellulosic composition (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) and mechanical performance of WPCs, pretreatments have been optimized to selective removal of lignin using an alkaline-EtOH stewing process and selective removal of hemicellulose using an acid stewing process. The αC sample, in which both lignin and hemicellulose were removed, shows the highest degree of crystallinity (72.60%) as estimated from X-ray diffraction analysis results and fibrous morphology with the highest aspect ratio as seen in scanning electron microscopy images. Compared with PVC/CS, PVC/αC gives a substantial increase in tensile strength and modulus by 37.21 and 21.66% and flexural strength and modulus by 29.98 and 34.88%, respectively. These improvements lie in the reinforcing effect of a fibrous structure and the improved interfacial compatibility as proven by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical analyzer results. Considering the extracted lignin and hemicellulose can be further developed to valuable biochemicals, the pretreatment to CS adds value to both WPC materials and biorefinery products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride-Based Wood–Plastic Composites With Pretreated Corn Stalk

Shen

Zhang

Zhong

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Based on this definition, recent research based on TPS shows that the main focus is the inclusion of coupling agents to improve the properties of the blends of PS and PBAT. [28][29][30][31] The effects of different starch ratios incorporated into such thermoplastics, [32] the use of biofibers or bio-fillers (natural fiber and particles) [33,34] in PS, changing the structure of TPS by variation of technologies (multilayering of different materials) to improve specific properties either barrier enhancement of mechanical performance boosting, [35] and the use of fillers; mostly nanofillers, only in PS, but not in TPS as defined in this work have all been studied. [36,37] Castillo et al blended PS with talc nanoparticles up to 5 wt% to produce films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites from Thermoplastic Postindustrial Waste Starches Filled with Mineral Fillers for Single‐Use Flexible Packaging

Scharnowski

Rodriguez‐Uribe

Pal

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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Plasticized starch (PS) materials hold a fundamental role in the design of novel biodegradable and compostable plastics aimed to reduce global single‐use plastic wastes. This work exemplifies the plasticization of postindustrial waste wheat starch (pWWS) and postindustrial corn starch (pWCS) with a comparison to food‐grade corn starch (pCS) by introducing technical waste glycerol (25%) along with urea (5%) and water. The PS (30%) is blended with 70% poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) to design a matrix with optimized mechanical properties. As a result, the inclusion of pWCS and pCS shows similar impact strength and melt flow index (MFI) values. Further, the mineral fillers, i.e., talc and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) (25%), are introduced into the PBAT/PS (70%/30%) matrix to explore the effect on MFI, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals good dispersion of PS particles and mineral fillers into the PBAT. Adding talc into the PBAT/pWWS and PBAT/pCS blends shows significantly higher modulus (≈134% and ≈105%, respectively) and heat deflection temperature (HDT) (7.8% and 9.3%, respectively). The addition of 25% CaCO3 results in the impact strength of PBAT/pWWS being improved by ≈20%. Due to talc's lamellar platelet structure and better dispersion, the inclusion of talc into the PBAT/PS blends shows improved rheological properties compared to that of CaCO3.

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“…PBAT has a matrix-domain structure and it is made of 20-30 nm crystal domains formed by aromatic PBT sequences arranged in an amorphous matrix. The commercial blend of PLA and PBAT known as Ecovio is another promising polymeric material for packaging applications [19][20][21][22] . PBS/PBAT blends are used in the packaging industry and have similar mechanical properties (resilience and flexibility 23 ) to films made of low-density polyethylene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(butylene-succinate)-based blends with enhanced oxygen permeability

Kantor-Malujdy

Skowron

Fray

2022

Preprint

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Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is a biodegradable polymer produced from renewable raw materials and is widely used in the production of packaging materials. Among important features, oxygen permeability is crucial for “breathing” packaging materials (such as packaging for medical devices sterilized with gaseous ethylene oxide). Recently, poly(butylene succinate-dilinolene succinate) (PBS-DLS) copolymers containing long chains of fatty acids and showing excellent elasticity were synthesized. In this work, bio-based polymer blends of PBS and PBS-DLS copolymer with an aliphatic-aromatic poly(butylene terephthalate-butylene adipate) (PBAT) (Ecoflex) were prepared in order to further improve their oxygen permeability while maintaining mechanical stability. PBS and PBS-DLS copolymer containing 90 wt% of hard segments and 10 wt% of soft segments, respectively, were used for blends preparation with 10 wt% of PBAT. The chemical structure was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and thermal properties were determined with differential scanning calorimetry. The melt flow index and hardness were determined and the mechanical and barrier properties were also examined. Low amount of PBAT did not affect melting temperatures for all tested materials. Importantly, the oxygen permeability of PBS-DLS/PBAT blend was comparable to non-biodegradable high-density polyethylene (HDPE) Tyvek used for medical devices packaging.

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Investigation into lignin modified PBAT/thermoplastic starch composites: Thermal, mechanical, rheological and water absorption properties

Cited by 63 publications

References 42 publications

Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride-Based Wood–Plastic Composites With Pretreated Corn Stalk

Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride-Based Wood–Plastic Composites With Pretreated Corn Stalk

Biocomposites from Thermoplastic Postindustrial Waste Starches Filled with Mineral Fillers for Single‐Use Flexible Packaging

Poly(butylene-succinate)-based blends with enhanced oxygen permeability

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