Investigation and Characterization of Nitrazapropane‐, Oxapropane‐ and Trinitrazaheptane‐Bridged Nitro Esters

Abstract

In this work, 1,3‐dinitroxy‐2‐nitrazapropane and 1,7‐dinitroxy‐2,4,6‐trinitrazaheptane were synthesized and investigated. Starting from hexamine, the open‐chain compounds were prepared by a modified Bachmann procedure which is commonly used for the synthesis of hexogen (RDX) and octogen (HMX). All new compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, vibrational analysis and elemental analysis. Their thermal behavior was studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sensitivities towards impact (IS) and friction (FS) were determined according to the BAM (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung) standard method. Their energetic properties, which were determined from the energies of formation at the CBS‐4 M level, were calculated using the EXPLO5 computer code. Moreover, 1,3‐dinitroxy‐2‐oxapropane was synthesized and investigated. The various compounds were compared with each other and with the commonly used explosives in terms of their physicochemical properties and detonation behavior.