Investigating Viruses during the Transformation of Molecular Biology

Moss, Bernard

doi:10.1074/jbc.x117.778712

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The earliest example was a 5′-monophosphate RNA kinase from vaccinia viral cores that can yield di- or triphosphate ends (Spencer, Loring, Hurwitz, & Monroy, 1978). The identity of this enzyme remains unknown despite the limited number (~200) of protein-coding genes that have been annotated in vaccinia (Moss, 2017). Cytoplasmic recapping has not been reported in yeast, but the yeast L-A virus synthesizes RNA transcripts with a 5′ diphosphate, and the ATP-dependent generation of 5′-diphosphate ends from GMP-primed transcripts points to the possibility of 5′-monophosphate RNA kinase activity (Fujimura & Esteban, 2010).…”

Section: Recapping Enzymes and Cofactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 5′ end of all eukaryotic mRNAs is defined by a cap structure consisting of N7-guanosine (m 7 G) joined by a 5′,5′-triphosphate linkage to the first transcribed nucleotide. The m 7 GpppN cap structure (where N is the first transcribed nucleotide) was first identified in the 1970s through studies of viral RNAs and later as a common feature of all eukaryotic mRNAs (Furuichi, 2015; Furuichi et al, 1975; Furuichi, Morgan, Muthukrishnan, & Shatkin, 1975; Furuichi et al, 1975; Moss, 2017; Wei & Moss, 1975; Wei, Gershowitz, & Moss, 1975). A number of recent reviews have covered the nuclear steps involved in cotranscriptional capping of pre-mRNAs (Cowling, 2010; Ghosh & Lima, 2010; Ramanathan, Robb, & Chan, 2016) and the role of the cap in downstream processes including translation, mRNA turnover, and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (Topisirovic, Svitkin, Sonenberg, & Shatkin, 2011; Grudzien-Nogalska & Kiledjian, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A recap of RNA recapping

Trotman

Schoenberg

2018

WIREs RNA

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The N7-methylguanosine cap is a hallmark of the 5' end of eukaryotic mRNAs and is required for gene expression. Loss of the cap was believed to lead irreversibly to decay. However, nearly a decade ago, it was discovered that mammalian cells contain enzymes in the cytoplasm that are capable of restoring caps onto uncapped RNAs. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of cytoplasmic RNA recapping and discuss the biochemistry of this process and its impact on regulating and diversifying the transcriptome. Although most studies focus on mammalian RNA recapping, we also highlight new observations for recapping in disparate eukaryotic organisms, with the trypanosome recapping system appearing to be a fascinating example of convergent evolution. We conclude with emerging insights into the biological significance of RNA recapping and prospects for the future of this evolving area of study. RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification Translation > Translation Regulation RNA Processing > Capping and 5' End Modifications RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability.

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Section: Recapping Enzymes and Cofactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A recap of RNA recapping

Trotman

Schoenberg

2018

WIREs RNA

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“…More than 180 nucleotides size is covered by various open reading frames (ORF) of the genome [22,23]. Four more ORFs, that are mostly involved in immunomodulatory functions of host variety willpower along with pathogenicity may be found in the end repeats and different sections that surround the coiled central coding region, which has a size of 56-120 kb [23][24][25]. Unlike most other DNA viruses monkeypox virus can produce the necessary specific protein for its replication and transcription process [25].…”

Section: Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox Infection: A Rising Public Health Concern

2023

Sci. Lett.

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Monkeypox, a zoonotic viral disease, has currently been called a public health emergency by the World Health Organization based on an increasing number of incidents recorded around the globe. Therefore, huge responsibility rests on the shoulders of academicians to disseminate sound knowledge on every aspect of monkeypox. Resultantly raising awareness in the general public about this very disease, this review article circumfuses a brief introduction, history, trends, virology, transmission and diagnosis of monkeypox. It will not only bring to light the zoonotic aspect of monkeypox, its epidemiology and possible consequences on public health but also highlight the role of clinicians and public health professionals in combating this ailment. This review aims to jolt down the precautionary measures, which are to be adopted to limit the spread of monkeypox. It concludes that complete eradication of monkeypox might not be possible because of the fast-mutating virus and reservoir host. Therefore, regular surveillance, vaccination and education of people can be preventive tools in combating monkeypox.

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“…Advances-from the discovery of cap structures to recombinant viruses-largely accomplished between 1974 and 1982 are detailed in my Reflections article (1). The driver of subsequent work, elaborated here, stemmed from the ability to combine molecular biology and genetics in a viral system.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Viruses During the Transformation of Molecular Biology: Part II

Moss

2020

Annu. Rev. Virol.

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My scientific career started at an extraordinary time, shortly after the discoveries of the helical structure of DNA, the central dogma of DNA to RNA to protein, and the genetic code. Part I of this series emphasizes my education and early studies highlighted by the isolation and characterization of numerous vaccinia virus enzymes, determination of the cap structure of messenger RNA, and development of poxviruses as gene expression vectors for use as recombinant vaccines. Here I describe a shift in my research focus to combine molecular biology and genetics for a comprehensive understanding of poxvirus biology. The dominant paradigm during the early years was to select a function, isolate the responsible proteins, and locate the corresponding gene, whereas later the common paradigm was to select a gene, make a mutation, and determine the altered function. Motivations, behind-the-scenes insights, importance of new technologies, and the vital roles of trainees and coworkers are emphasized. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Virology, Volume 7 is September 29, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Investigating Viruses during the Transformation of Molecular Biology

Cited by 4 publications

References 96 publications

A recap of RNA recapping

A recap of RNA recapping

Monkeypox Infection: A Rising Public Health Concern

Investigating Viruses During the Transformation of Molecular Biology: Part II

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