Investigating the User Experience of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation Solution for Biomechatronics Laboratory and Home Environment

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) technology is a promising tool in physical rehabilitation. Research indicates that VR-supported rehabilitation is beneficial for task-specific training, multi-sensory feedback, diversified rehabilitation tasks, and patient motivation. Our first goal was to create a biomechatronics laboratory with a VR setup for increasing immersion and a motion platform to provide realistic feedback to patients. The second goal was to investigate possibilities to replicate features of the biomechatronics laboratory in a home-based training system using commercially available components. The laboratory comprises of a motion platform with 6-degrees-of-freedom (Rexroth eMotion), fitted with a load cell integrated treadmill, and an Oculus Quest virtual reality headset. The load cells provide input for data collection, as well as VR motion control. The home-based rehabilitation system consists of a Nintendo Wii Balance Board and an Oculus Rift virtual reality headset. User studies in the laboratory and home environment used direct observation techniques and self-reported attitudinal research methods to assess the solution’s usability and user experience. The findings indicate that the proposed VR solution is feasible. Participants using the home-based system experienced more cybersickness and imbalance compared to those using the biomechatronics laboratory solution. Future studies will look at a setup that is safe for first patient studies, and exercises to improve diagnosis of patients and progress during rehabilitation.

The Dual Importance of Virtual Reality Usability in Rehabilitation: A Focus on Therapists and Patients

“…Since each patient is unique and has different experiences, strengths, and challenges, personalization is essential in addressing the specific challenges that each person faces during their recovery process. For example, VR can be designed to accommodate different levels of motor skills, psychological readiness, and cognitive abilities, offering a customized approach that acknowledges and reacts to the rehabilitation stage of each patient [ 20 , 21 ]. Moreover, the potential of the therapists to personalize VR experiences is essential for fulfilling the various demands of their patients.…”

“…VR environments that imitate real-life tasks and circumstances are extremely beneficial to patients suffering from diseases such as stroke or traumatic brain injuries. This aids in the development of neuroplasticity and practical abilities [ 5 , 21 ] and facilitates an overall healing process by expediting both physical and cognitive rehabilitation. Additionally, VR's adaptability in rehabilitation is demonstrated by its use in pain management and psychological treatments by generating environments that are pleasant and distraction-based, which can enhance the whole therapeutic experience [ 4 , 22 ].…”

Home-Based Rehabilitation of the Shoulder Using Auxiliary Systems and Artificial Intelligence: An Overview

“…User experience is also a critical factor in the design of home-based rehabilitation systems [ 117 ]. These systems must be easy to use, accessible, and provide a positive overall experience for users.…”