Investigating the role of solvent formulations in temperature-controlled liquid-fed aerosol flame synthesis of YAG-based nanoparticles

Wei, Jili; Li, Shuiqing; Ren, Yihua; Zhang, Yiyang; Tse, Stephen D.

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2018.07.068

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Then, 22.5 mmol 2-Ethylhexanoic acid (2-EHA) was added to the beaker, ensuring that the molar ratio of Ln 3+ and 2-EHA is 1:3. By adding 2-EHA, the precursor becomes easily volatile through ligand exchange, and the synthesis process will follow the gas-to-particle route, which favors the uniform small-sized and solid nanoparticles rather than large hollow particles [ 40 ]. Then the solution was fixed to 50 mL by adding corresponding volume of n-Butanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Wavelength Excited Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence from Er3+-Sensitized Y2O3 Nanocrystals Fabricated by Spray Flame Synthesis

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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Er3+-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted great attention due to their tunable upconversion (UC) emissions, low cytotoxicity, high resistance to photobleaching and especially multiple effective excitation wavelengths. However, detailed energy conversion between Er3+ and Tm3+ ions in Y2O3 UCNPs is still a problem, especially under multi-wavelength and variable pulse width excitation. In this work, we successfully fabricated a series of Er3+-sensitized Y2O3 nanocrystals by a spray flame synthesis method with a production rate of 40.5 g h−1. The as-prepared UCNPs are a pure cubic phase with a mean size of 14 nm. Excited by both 980 and 808 nm lasers, the tunable upconversion luminescence (UCL) from Er3+ ions was achieved by increasing the Er3+ doping concentration, co-doping Tm3+ ions and extending excitation pulse-width. The investigations of the lifetimes and the laser power dependence of UC emissions further support the proposed mechanism, which provides guidance for achieving effective color control in anticounterfeiting and multiplexed labeling applications. In addition, the red UC emission at about 5 mm beneath the tissue surface was observed in an ex vivo imaging experiment under the excitation of 808 nm laser, indicating that the Y2O3:Er3+/Tm3+ UCNPs have great prospects in further biological applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Wavelength Excited Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence from Er3+-Sensitized Y2O3 Nanocrystals Fabricated by Spray Flame Synthesis

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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“…Fig.3. Temporal variation of surface and center temperatures of a multi-component droplet as the droplet shrinks in a D 2 -law, which is compared with the PDA measurement data (blue squares) based on Ref [13]…”

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confidence: 99%

Theoretical Single-Droplet Model for Particle Formation in Flame Spray Pyrolysis

2021

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In the current work, we develop a single droplet model to describe particle formation in multicomponentliquid droplet combustion. Both the gas-to-particle conversion and droplet-to-particle conversion routes of different solution properties are investigated, together with the population balance model and the droplet drying model. For multi-component droplets without precursors, the droplet combustion is limited by the species diffusion in the liquid phase. The model can well predict the droplet shrinkage history observed by previous PDA measurements. For the precursor with a low boiling point than its thermal decomposition temperature, the precursor in the droplet can then transform into nanoparticles through the gas-to-particle conversion route. The population balance model reveals that the generated nanoparticle size relies on both the precursor mass fraction and the residence time, which is consistent with the vaporfed aerosol flame synthesis. For the precursor that tends to decompose or precipitate in the liquid, it then undergoes the droplet-to-particle conversion route. The droplet behavior can be classified by the ratio of droplet evaporation time and precursor reaction or precipitation time. For small droplets with short evaporation time, the nanoparticle formation obeys the one-droplet-one-particle rule. For large droplets with long evaporation time, the competition among precipitation, thermal decomposition, and evaporation determines the final nanoparticle morphology. The single droplet model established in this study can potentially guide the precursor design and be coupled with the turbulent flame simulation of the whole flame spray pyrolysis burner.

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“…The composition of the precursor solution can be modified to shift the relative importance of the two particle formation routes and influence the particle properties. This effect has been demonstrated by Wei et al, who showed the addition of 2-ethylhexanoic acid (EHA) to a precursor solution of yttrium and aluminum nitrates employed for the synthesis of yttrium aluminum oxide nanocomposites causes a shift from the droplet-to-particle to the gas-to-particle route. The authors postulate that the reason is most likely the conversion of metal nitrates to more volatile metal 2-ethylhexanoates; however, no experimental evidence is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The character of this interaction depends on the choice of the solvent/precursor pair. The current state of the art, e.g., refs − , identifies two different particle formation routes in spray flames: the gas-to-particle and the droplet-to-particle routes are distinguished. In the spray flames, early particle formation is expected to occur while a considerable amount of (burning) droplets is still present .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

Gonchikzhapov

Kasper

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flame spray pyrolysis is an important method of nanoparticle manufacturing. Reactions of the precursor and the solvent determine which intermediates can contribute to particle formation. To investigate the chemical interaction between the solvent and the precursor during the partial evaporation of the spray preceding ignition, precursor solutions were sprayed into an externally heated flow reactor. The thermal decomposition of the precursors Fe(CO) 5 , Fe(C 5 H 5 ) 2 , and Ti(i-OC 3 H 7 ) 4 in solutions of xylene and ethanol was investigated. Decomposition products were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The relevance of reactions at these low temperatures for the spray-flame process is substantiated by measurements of the spatial temperature distribution of the spray flame. Depending on the relative thermal stabilities of the precursor and the solvent, the less stable component can initiate decomposition of the more stable component, resulting in different reaction patterns of the solutions. The results are discussed with regard to their potential influence on particle formation pathways.

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Investigating the role of solvent formulations in temperature-controlled liquid-fed aerosol flame synthesis of YAG-based nanoparticles

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Dual-Wavelength Excited Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence from Er3+-Sensitized Y2O3 Nanocrystals Fabricated by Spray Flame Synthesis

Dual-Wavelength Excited Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence from Er3+-Sensitized Y2O3 Nanocrystals Fabricated by Spray Flame Synthesis

Theoretical Single-Droplet Model for Particle Formation in Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

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Investigating the role of solvent formulations in temperature-controlled liquid-fed aerosol flame synthesis of YAG-based nanoparticles

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Dual-Wavelength Excited Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence from Er3+-Sensitized Y2O3 Nanocrystals Fabricated by Spray Flame Synthesis

Dual-Wavelength Excited Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence from Er3+-Sensitized Y2O3 Nanocrystals Fabricated by Spray Flame Synthesis

Theoretical Single-Droplet Model for Particle Formation in Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)5, Fe(C5H5)2, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures

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Decomposition Reactions of Fe(CO)₅, Fe(C₅H₅)₂, and TTIP as Precursors for the Spray-Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Partial Spray Evaporation at Low Temperatures