Investigating the relationship between reward sensitivity, impulsivity, and food addiction: A systematic review

Maxwell, Aimee L.; Gardiner, Elliroma; Loxton, Natalie J.

doi:10.1002/erv.2732

Cited by 77 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Our data showed that the self-reported psychological impact of the COVID-19 was positively correlated ( Supplementary Table 1) with alcohol problems (small effect size), SMA symptoms (medium to large effect size) and FA symptoms (medium effect size). At a multivariate level, when controlling for potential confounding variables that have been traditionally related to addictive disorders [e.g., impulsivity (46)(47)(48)], the IES-R remained independently associated with CAGE, BSMAS, and mYFAS 2.0 total scores. However, neither self-reported COVID-19 related distress, nor the other variables related to this emergency (e.g., isolation/quarantine) were significantly associated with increased CAGE total score variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Related Distress Is Associated With Alcohol Problems, Social Media and Food Addiction Symptoms: Insights From the Italian Experience During the Lockdown

et al. 2020

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Background: Several scholars hypothesize that one of the most negative impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis would concern the increase of prevalence and severity of both substances and behavioral addiction. Despite the general concerns about the increase of prevalence and severity of addictions related to the COVID-19 emergency, few data are still available. Thus, the main aim of this study was to investigate the association between COVID-19 related distress and: (i) alcohol problems, (ii) social media addiction (SMA) symptoms, (iii) food addiction (FA) symptoms.Methods: A national online-survey was carried out during the Italian lockdown (i.e., 9 March 2020–4 May 2020). In the current study, 1,519 participants (365 men and 1,154 women, mean age: 28.49 ± 10.89 years) were included. The survey included socio-demographic related items (e.g., age, sex, residential regions, education level, civil status, tobacco use, etc.), as well as ad-hoc developed questions aimed to investigate COVID-19 related variables (e.g., isolation/quarantine, personal diagnosis to COVID-19, friends or relatives with COVID-19 diagnosis, etc.). Participants also completed the following self-report measures in order to investigate: the psychological impact of COVID-19, alcohol problems, SMA symptoms, FA symptoms, and impulsivity.Results: The psychological impact of COVID-19 was independently associated with alcohol problems (β = 0.058, p = 0.043), SMA symptoms (β = 0.259, p < 0.001), and FA symptoms (β = 0.150, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Taken together, our results seem to confirm the general concerns about the negative impacts of the COVID-19 emergency on addictive behaviors, suggesting that this issue should be carefully monitored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Related Distress Is Associated With Alcohol Problems, Social Media and Food Addiction Symptoms: Insights From the Italian Experience During the Lockdown

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, the facets of impulsive behavior are dictated by different neural circuits and are thought to reflect uncorrelated phenotypes (Barrus et al, 2015;Dougherty et al, 2009;Nautiyal et al, 2017;Reynolds et al, 2008). However, multiple facets of impulsivity have been identified as having a relationship with over-eating in humans, including non-planning impulsivity, attentional impulsivity, and motor impulsivity (Garza et al, 2016;Georgii et al, 2017;Maxwell, Gardiner, & Loxton, 2020). This relationship has also been observed within rodents as well, with high impulsive rats engaging in more "binge-like" and excessive consumption of highly palatable foods (Anastasio et al, 2019;Velázquez-Sánchez et al, 2014), potentially due to convergent neurocircuitry of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (Anastasio et al, 2019).…”

Section: Delay Discountingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritable variation in locomotion, reward sensitivity and impulsive behaviors in a genetically diverse inbred mouse panel

Bailey

Bagley

Dodd

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Drugs of abuse, including alcohol and stimulants like cocaine, produce effects that are subject to individual variability, and genetic variation accounts for at least a portion of those differences. Notably, research in both animal models and human subjects point towards reward sensitivity and impulsivity as being trait characteristics that predict relatively greater positive subjective responses to stimulant drugs. Here we describe use of the eight Collaborative Cross (CC) founder strains and multiple CC strains to examine the heritability of reward sensitivity and impulsivity traits, as well as genetic correlations between these measures and existing addiction-related phenotypes. Methods. Strains were all tested for activity in an open field and reward sensitivity (intake of chocolate BOOST). Mice were then divided into two counterbalanced groups and underwent reversal learning (impulsive action and waiting impulsivity) or delay discounting (impulsive choice). Results. CC and founder mice demonstrate significant heritability for impulsive action, impulsive choice, waiting impulsivity, locomotor activity, and reward sensitivity, with each impulsive phenotype determined to be non-correlating, independent traits. This research was conducted within the broader, inter-laboratory effort of the Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction (CSNA) to characterize CC and DO mice for multiple, cocaine abuse related traits. These data will facilitate the discovery of genetic correlations between predictive traits, which will then guide discovery of genes and genetic variants that contribute to addictive behaviors.

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“…For example, patients with EDs who have problems pursuing tasks to the end and focusing on long-term goals are more likely to develop addiction-like eating patterns [ 100 ]. A recent systematic review reported that across 45 studies, impulsivity was consistently associated with FA [ 101 ]. Given that FA has been reported as a mediator between impulsivity and obesity [ 102 ], it is possible that in certain susceptible individuals, ED behaviors develop along this trajectory to suppress unwanted weight.…”

Section: Substance Use Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint

Wiss

Brewerton

2020

Nutrients

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Converging evidence from both animal and human studies have implicated hedonic eating as a driver of both binge eating and obesity. The construct of food addiction has been used to capture pathological eating across clinical and non-clinical populations. There is an ongoing debate regarding the value of a food addiction “diagnosis” among those with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa binge/purge-type, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Much of the food addiction research in eating disorder populations has failed to account for dietary restraint, which can increase addiction-like eating behaviors and may even lead to false positives. Some have argued that the concept of food addiction does more harm than good by encouraging restrictive approaches to eating. Others have shown that a better understanding of the food addiction model can reduce stigma associated with obesity. What is lacking in the literature is a description of a more comprehensive approach to the assessment of food addiction. This should include consideration of dietary restraint, and the presence of symptoms of other psychiatric disorders (substance use, posttraumatic stress, depressive, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity) to guide treatments including nutrition interventions. The purpose of this review is to help clinicians identify the symptoms of food addiction (true positives, or “the signal”) from the more classic eating pathology (true negatives, or “restraint”) that can potentially elevate food addiction scores (false positives, or “the noise”). Three clinical vignettes are presented, designed to aid with the assessment process, case conceptualization, and treatment strategies. The review summarizes logical steps that clinicians can take to contextualize elevated food addiction scores, even when the use of validated research instruments is not practical.

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Investigating the relationship between reward sensitivity, impulsivity, and food addiction: A systematic review

Abstract: This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

Cited by 77 publications

References 93 publications

COVID-19 Related Distress Is Associated With Alcohol Problems, Social Media and Food Addiction Symptoms: Insights From the Italian Experience During the Lockdown

COVID-19 Related Distress Is Associated With Alcohol Problems, Social Media and Food Addiction Symptoms: Insights From the Italian Experience During the Lockdown

Heritable variation in locomotion, reward sensitivity and impulsive behaviors in a genetically diverse inbred mouse panel

Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint

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