Investigating the Relationship Between Consumer Attitudes and Sustainable Fashion Product Development

Toward a circular economy: Understanding consumers' moral stance on corporations' and individuals' responsibilities in creating a circular fashion economy

“…Measurement items in the second section of the questionnaire were developed based on previously validated scales. The items for CorpMR were adapted from Green Strategy (2015) and Zhu, Geng, and Lai (2010), and items for ConsMR were adapted from Green Strategy (2015) and McLaren et al (2017). To ensure that we were operationalizing consumers' moral beliefs from the MRCS's perspective, we followed the response options of Jung and Ha‐Brookshire (2017) and measured the items of CorpMR and ConsMR on a 5‐point Likert‐type scale from absolutely no need to do in any circumstances (no duty) (1), not necessarily a must‐do, but would be a nice thing if they do (imperfect duty) (3), to absolutely must do in any circumstances (perfect duty) (5).…”

A Critical Review of the Role of Repair Cafés in a Sustainable Circular Transition

“…On the other hand, repair cafés constitute a collective, a repair subculture, constituting a group of people within a culture that differentiates itself from the parent culture to which it belongs. As addressed in one article 'we cannot talk about sustainability without a culture of repairing' [52] (p. 187), bridging repair cafés to a 'subculture' of repair, e.g., as part of 'grassroots movement' [61], 'grassroots innovation movement' [62] and 'grassroots innovation' [63]. Other articles addressed the collective action in ways that are more specific, e.g., as part of a 'maker movement' [14,64], 'modifiers and fixers movement' [14] and 'repair movement' [42].…”

“…Furthermore, investigating how the repair movement can be supported systematically may also be a critical research gap, including the ways in which future policy initiatives may support repair cafés. Environmental and shared value Increasing volumes of waste [72]; waste reduction [48]; increasing environmental awareness [9]; growing concern for the environment [72]; resource scarcity [72]; contemporary maker movements [72]; broader behavioural change [55]; increased awareness [31]; shared value creation or sustainability thinking [14] Economic Global economic crisis [9]; business responses to economic opportunities [69]; repair as a CE initiative has a local dimension to it [25]; accommodate busy lifestyles [61]; lack of financial means to buy new products, saving money [30]; 'a business response to an economic opportunity' [14] (p. 19).…”

“…Material Difficult to repair [51]; planned obsolescence [51,60]; obsolete components [11]; information asymmetries with central coordinators [69]; limited access to (original) spare parts [11,43,51,69]; products are not designed for longevity or repair [11]; difficult to open [11]; high cost of repair and falling cost of replacement [67]; there's not really places you can get repairs done [61]; repair is a niche or marginal activity [72]; reparability depends on the global manufacturers' circularity choices [14]; formal relationship among actors [69]; lack or don't own the right tools [11] Competences Practical skills and know-how lacking [30,45]; repair skills are lost [19]; lack of sewing skills [59]; lack of knowledge about the spare parts required [11]; lack of talent in repairing electronic devices [48]; lack of creativity to do repair [11]; lost skills for maintenance and repair [11]; seek assistance for minor repairs [44,53,54]; useful life of clothes can often be extended easily [59]; sewing skills being taught by parents or at schools are reduced [59] Meanings The meaning of the practice has changed [58]; throw-away mindset [31]; products not looked after/seen as 'disposable' [11]; repair is no longer seen as a necessity, no need for it [43,58];smartphones are status symbol-the newer the better [55] Lifestyle-and warranty-related barriers Lack of time [11]; repair takes time…”

“…Subculture #12 'Critical makers' [43]; maker movement [14,64]; do-it-yourself (DIY) culture [65]; do-it-yourself (DIY) activism [58]; do-it-yourself (DIY) citizens [43]; community workshops [72]; modifiers and fixers movement [14]; local sustainability initiative (LSI) [48,63]; makerspace [56]; repair movement [42]; grassroots movement [61];grassroots innovation movement [62]; grassroots innovation [63]; making culture [58]; culture of repairing [52]; repairing has become public [52] Change agent #7 From a 'family responsibility to societal imperative' [12] (p. 55); diverging political positions, contributing to 'the shaping of the (rising) movement of repairers' [42] (p. 638); rethinking of community spaces [44]; internal repair cafés at the nursing faculty [49];'the Computing Repair café' [55]; 'the Bicycle Repair Café [54]; district's transformation [54]; develop practices aimed at sustainability [43]; repair cafés for social change, to lobby for environmental protection, dealing critically with (over)consumption, environmental activism [52] Volunteers (in general) #5 Especially retired people [43]; often repairers [45]; an artist [43]; a retired teacher [43,47]; librarians [44]; teachers [55]; university employees [43,47]; skilled volunteers [46]. Drivers to engage: Different motivations and ambitions…”