Investigating the Performance of the Random Access Channel in NB-IoT

Harwahyu, Ruki; Cheng, Ray-Guang; Wei, Chia-Hung

doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2017.8288195

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The number of packet losses is very much dependent on the type of wireless technologies used to establish connection between the devices and the gateway. 3GPP introduced a new access technology called narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) for supporting machine to machine communication services over wide area [19]. A model is required for estimating probability of success and average access delay of RA (Random access) so that suitability of narrowband for effecting communication among devices and in between the devices and gateway.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of IOT systems – basic issues

Sowmya¹,

Sastry²

2018

IJET

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Internet of things (IOT) is a layered network and generally heterogeneous as communication between small things like digital cameras and big things like servers has to happen. The communication speeds of various devices connected on to IOT are in great variance affecting the performance of the entire network. The small devices connected on to IOT are fragile in the sense that they tend to fail quite often affecting the performance of the network. The small devices are low in energy depletion of which is rather fast. The small devices also have heavy latency. Many such issues exists that effect the performance of an IOT network. In this paper, various issues/bottlenecks that hamper the performance of an IOT network are and a mitigation strategy for improving the performance of the IOT networks is discussed.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of IOT systems – basic issues

Sowmya¹,

Sastry²

2018

IJET

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“…Analytical models of IoT systems have been developed for specific application use cases, like management [26], opportunistic crowd sensing in vehicular scenarios [27], or ambient backscatter devices [28]. Other works have presented theoretical models for the study of networking aspects such as the performance of middleware protocols [29], implemented between the application and the transport layer, or of the random access procedure in NB-IoT [30], [31]. Note, however, that none of the above works investigates the critical role of the EPC control plane in IoT-based systems; indeed few studies exist on the characterization of the overhead and service delay when the EPC handles massive IoT data traffic.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Delay and Control Traffic of the Cellular MME With IoT Support

Vitale

Chiasserini

Malandrino

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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One of the main use cases for advanced cellular networks is represented by massive Internet-of-things (MIoT), i.e., an enormous number of IoT devices that transmit data toward the cellular network infrastructure. To make cellular MIoT a reality, data transfer and control procedures specifically designed for the support of IoT are needed. For this reason, 3GPP has introduced the Control Plane Cellular IoT optimization, which foresees a simplified bearer instantiation, with the Mobility Management Entity (MME) handling both control and data traffic. The performance of the MME has therefore become critical, and properly scaling its computational capability can determine the ability of the whole network to tackle MIoT effectively. In particular, considering virtualized networks and the need for an efficient allocation of computing resources, it is paramount to characterize the MME performance as the MIoT traffic load changes. We address this need by presenting compact, closed-form expressions linking the number of IoT sources with the rate at which bearers are requested, and such a rate with the delay incurred by the IoT data. We show that our analysis, supported by testbed experiments and verified through largescale simulations, represents a valuable tool to make effective scaling decisions in virtualized cellular core networks.

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“…In Figure 2, the hopping pattern of PRACH index #0 is highlighted in blue. With the subcarrier spacing of 3.75 KHz, the NPRACH is a set of 48 subcarriers on anchor carrier with a basic sub-carrier allocation unit of 12 sub-carriers [9]. Thus, 12,24,36 or 48 orthogonal preamble sequences are possible on an anchor carrier which are shared by up to three CE levels [19].…”

Section: Literature Survey Random Access In Nb-iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If an RAP attempt by an NB-IoT device fails, then the device can first reattempt the RAP in the same CE level as the one with the preceding attempt; 3GPP defines the parameter ‘maxNumPreambleAttemptCE’ such that when the preamble transmission counter of the CE level becomes higher than this parameter, the CE level is increased [8]. Thus, after the configured number of reattempts in the initially selected CE level, the RAP reattempts are performed in the higher CE levels [9]. The number of repetitions and the power level are high in the higher CE level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Efficient Random Access for Massive NB-IoT Connectivity

Agiwal

Maheshwari

Jin

2019

Sensors

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Sensors enabled Internet of things (IoT) has become an integral part of the modern, digital and connected ecosystem. Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) technology is one of its economical versions preferable when low power and resource limited sensors based applications are considered. One of the major characteristics of NB-IoT technology is its offer of reliable coverage enhancement (CE) which is achieved by repeating the transmission of signals. This repeated transmission of the same signal challenges power saving in low complexity NB-IoT devices. Additionally, the NB-IoT devices are expected to suffer from congestion due to simultaneous random access procedures (RAPs) from an enormous number of devices. Multiple RAP reattempts would further reduce the power saving in NB-IoT devices. We propose a novel power efficient RAP (PE-RAP) for reducing power consumption of NB-IoT devices in a highly congested environment. The existing RAP do not differentiate the failures due to poor channel conditions or due to collision. After the RAP failure either due to collision or poor channel, the devices can apply power ramping or can transit to a higher CE level with higher repetition configuration. In the proposed PE-RAP, the NB-IoT devices can re-ascertain the channel conditions after an RAP attempt failure such that the impediments due to poor channel are reduced. The power increments and repetition enhancements are applied only when necessary. We probabilistically obtain the chances of RAP reattempts. Subsequently, we evaluate the average power consumption by devices in different CE levels for different repetition configurations. We validate our analysis by simulation studies.

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Investigating the Performance of the Random Access Channel in NB-IoT

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Performance evaluation of IOT systems – basic issues

Performance evaluation of IOT systems – basic issues

Characterizing Delay and Control Traffic of the Cellular MME With IoT Support

Power Efficient Random Access for Massive NB-IoT Connectivity

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