Investigating the Parental and Media Influence on Gender Stereotypes and Young Student’s Career Choices in Pakistan

Hassan, Mehdi; Luo, Yi; Gu, Jianxiu; Mushtaque, Iqra; Rizwan, Muhammad

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.890680

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Finally, the items for media visibility reflect the visibility in different media outputs, i.e., social media, scientific journals, and television, which are considered relevant for academics (Hetsroni and Lowenstein, 2014 ; Hassan et al, 2022 ; Wicker et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, multiple studies have investigated the visibility of women and men academics in the media. Electronic media were found to be the main source of career information for students aged 16–21 years (Hassan et al, 2022 ). In newspapers, women scientists' visibility has increased over the past decade but is limited to regional news sections (Eizmendi-Iraola and Peña-Fernández, 2023 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Framework and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The perceived role fit of women and men academics: evidence from the social sports sciences

Lesch,

Scharfenkamp,

Wicker

2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionThe underrepresentation of women in academia is often explained by the presence of gender stereotypes and the perception that women fit the role of an academic to a lesser extent. Based on social role theory and role congruity theory, this study investigates and estimates the perceived role fit of women and men academics in the social sports sciences.MethodsData were collected with a quantitative online survey. The sample (n = 792) includes individuals who study or work in sports economics, sport management, or sport sociology (referred to as social sports sciences). The questionnaire included items that reflect attributes of an ideal-typical academic as well as women and men academics in four dimensions, i.e., leadership, research methods, media visibility, and research topics. In the first step, these items were used to estimate a total role fit index for both women and men academics, as well as indices for all dimensions. In a second step, regression analyses were used to examine how respondents' individual characteristics (e.g., discipline, career stage, gender, presence of role models) are related to their perceived role fit indices and the differences in the perceived role fit.Results and discussionThe role fit index ranges from 0 to 1, and women have a higher total role fit than men (0.77 vs. 0.75). The results suggest that women in the social sports sciences are perceived as a better fit for the role of an academic. In contrast to role congruity theory, women's leadership fit is higher than men's fit in this dimension (0.79 vs. 0.72). Regarding the associations of individual characteristics, professors seem to perceive a lower role fit for both genders than students. Furthermore, the difference between the perceived role fit of men and women is smaller for women respondents. Having a woman role model leads to a higher fit of women academics in the leadership dimension.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Framework and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perceived role fit of women and men academics: evidence from the social sports sciences

Lesch,

Scharfenkamp,

Wicker

2023

Front. Psychol.

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“…This study is important in demonstrating that organizational language can be an important indicator of progress in gender equity in the workplace. Hassan, Luo, Gu, Mushtaque, and Rizwan (2022) provide an interesting insight into the parental and media influence on gender stereotypes and young students' career choices in Pakistan. They use qualitative research methods to examine the influence of media and family on young students' career choices and their perceptions of gender roles.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotypes of Feminine Speech Attributes: A Comparison of Gender-stereotyping versus Self-stereotyping attitudes in Pakistanis Society

Ghilzai

Khan

Sheikh

2023

Pak. J. Humanit. Soc. Sci

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This research paper aims to examine gender stereotypes of feminine speech attributes in Pakistani society and to compare gender stereotyping versus self-stereotyping attitudes toward these attributes. A preliminary survey was conducted on a sample of 50 Pakistani adults, from Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad (2022). Participants were asked to rate their agreement or disagreement with the following six feminine speech characteristics: more talkative, show agreement in speech, demand clarification, show surprise, show minimal responses and be more polite in conversation. Results showed that both males and females had a strong agreement that females are more talkative and polite in conversation, while they were less likely to agree that females demand clarification, show surprise, or show minimal responses. In conclusion, this study shows that both gender-stereotyping and self-stereotyping attitudes are present in Pakistani society when it comes to feminine speech attributes.

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“…The term "parental expectations" (or "parental hopes and expectations") is used to describe the high hopes and high expectations that parents have for their children. Children's academic outcomes are profoundly affected by their parents' expectations for them [13], which are molded by a multifaceted evaluation of the child's ability, past academic performance, ideals, and family circumstances [14,15]. When it comes to shaping and influencing adolescents' academic success, parental expectations play an important role [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Financial Stress, Parental Expectation and Test Anxiety on Role of Suicidal Ideation: A Cross-Sectional Study among Pre-Medical Students

Hassan,

Fang,

Rizwan

et al. 2024

IJMHP

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This study examined the effects of financial stress, parental expectation and test anxiety on suicidal ideation in pre-medical students. For this purpose, a cross-sectional research design was used, and data were collected through a non-probability sampling technique. The sample consisted of 425 pre-medical students. Our results indicate a strong and positive association between parental expectation and suicidal ideation (β = 0.272; t = 3.573; p < 0.000). Likewise, entrance test exam anxiety has a positive association with suicidal ideation among pre-medical students (β = 0.394; t = 3.933; p < 0.000). Lastly, there is a significant and positive association between financial threat and suicidal ideation (β = 0.185; t = 2.539; p < 0.011). The findings of the study emphasize the importance of implementing preventative measures to address the mental health issues faced by pre-medical students, with the ultimate goal of creating an environment conducive to their comprehensive development and academic success.

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Investigating the Parental and Media Influence on Gender Stereotypes and Young Student’s Career Choices in Pakistan

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

The perceived role fit of women and men academics: evidence from the social sports sciences

The perceived role fit of women and men academics: evidence from the social sports sciences

Stereotypes of Feminine Speech Attributes: A Comparison of Gender-stereotyping versus Self-stereotyping attitudes in Pakistanis Society

Impact of Financial Stress, Parental Expectation and Test Anxiety on Role of Suicidal Ideation: A Cross-Sectional Study among Pre-Medical Students

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