Investigating the neural correlates of psychopathy: a critical review

Koenigs, Michael; Baskin‐Sommers, Arielle; Zeier, Joshua D.; Jp, Newman

doi:10.1038/mp.2010.124

Cited by 129 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…7 The notion that interacting personality dimensions are related to diff erent cognitive and neurocognitive profi les within a category also fi ts well with empirical fi ndings on the diff erential eff ects of high and low anxiety in psychopathy. 8 Similarly, Gregory and colleagues' results support the idea that psychopathic traits interact with antisocial personality disorder, 1 which creates a dichotomy that can also be seen in the distinct neurocognitive signatures between the groups.…”

Section: Sarah Gregory and Colleaguessupporting

confidence: 61%

Considering new insights into antisociality and psychopathy

Brazil

2015

The Lancet Psychiatry

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Section: Sarah Gregory and Colleaguessupporting

confidence: 61%

Considering new insights into antisociality and psychopathy

Brazil

2015

The Lancet Psychiatry

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“…The strongest overlap is in mOFC, a region where structural and functional alterations are consistently found in psychopathy. mOFC damage produces a syndrome that includes social and affective symptoms similar to those seen in psychopathy (27). Recent work suggests that the presence of such symptoms in mOFC patients may be due to lesion-induced alterations in the representation of information-including counterfactual signals-during value-based decision making (28)(29)(30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathic individuals exhibit but do not avoid regret during counterfactual decision making

Baskin‐Sommers

Stuppy-Sullivan

Buckholtz

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Psychopathy is associated with persistent antisocial behavior and a striking lack of regret for the consequences of that behavior. Although explanatory models for psychopathy have largely focused on deficits in affective responsiveness, recent work indicates that aberrant value-based decision making may also play a role. On that basis, some have suggested that psychopathic individuals may be unable to effectively use prospective simulations to update action value estimates during cost-benefit decision making. However, the specific mechanisms linking valuation, affective deficits, and maladaptive decision making in psychopathy remain unclear. Using a counterfactual decision-making paradigm, we found that individuals who scored high on a measure of psychopathy were as or more likely than individuals low on psychopathy to report negative affect in response to regret-inducing counterfactual outcomes. However, despite exhibiting intact affective regret sensitivity, they did not use prospective regret signals to guide choice behavior. In turn, diminished behavioral regret sensitivity predicted a higher number of prior incarcerations, and moderated the relationship between psychopathy and incarceration history. These findings raise the possibility that maladaptive decision making in psychopathic individuals is not a consequence of their inability to generate or experience negative emotions. Rather, antisocial behavior in psychopathy may be driven by a deficit in the generation of forward models that integrate information about rules, costs, and goals with stimulus value representations to promote adaptive behavior.psychopathy | counterfactual reasoning | affect | decision making | reward T he ability to establish, transmit, and enforce social norms is a signature of our species. Indeed, maintaining our uniquely high degree of stable, large-scale cooperation requires widespread norm compliance (1). However, although norm compliance is common, it is far from universal. Throughout history and across cultures, there have been those who would threaten social peace and community prosperity through their persistent violation of social norms. Psychopathic individuals, who exhibit a chronic and flagrant disregard for moral and legal norms, exemplify this type of person. Compared with nonpsychopathic individuals, they commit two to three times more violent and nonviolent crime and recidivate at a much higher rate (2). This persistent antisocial behavior comes at a high cost to society, with psychopathic individuals responsible for a disproportionate share of the estimated $2.34 trillion in annual costs associated with crime in the United States (3).Psychopathy is defined by a combination of superficial charm, blunted empathy and punishment sensitivity, shallow emotional experiences, persistent antisocial behavior, and marked sensation seeking and impulsivity (2). Whereas many of the behavioral and lifestyle features of this disorder (e.g., sensation seeking, criminal offending) are shared with other antisocial subtypes, psychopa...

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“…However, the comparison of imaging data from adult and youth samples can be challenging, partly because the brain undergoes substantial structural development throughout childhood and adolescence (Koenigs, Baskin-Sommers, Zeier, & Newman, 2011 ) . For example, the volume of white matter increases throughout childhood and adolescence, which underlies greater connectivity and synchronization between different regions of the brain (Lenroot et al, 2007 ) .…”

Section: Functional Brain Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Childhood Crime and Antisocial Behavior

Portnoy

Gao

Glenn

et al. 2012

Handbook of Life-Course Criminology

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Research into the biological underpinnings of antisocial behavior has not only been increasingly integrated into criminological research, but has also expanded its scope to focus on antisocial behavior that develops during childhood. Many of the biological risk factors that are associated with antisocial behavior during adulthood have also been found to characterize young antisocials. Structural and functional brain imaging studies have implicated several brain regions in the development of antisocial behavior in children, including the amygdala, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the temporal region. Neuropsychological studies indicate that antisocial children display multiple behavioral indices of brain dysfunction, including executive dysfunction and IQ de fi cits. Psychophysiological studies have revealed that antisocial children are characterized by underarousal and diminished responses to stimuli and stressors. Early health factors, including minor physical anomalies and prenatal nicotine exposure, both independently and in interaction with social risk factors are associated with antisocial behavior in children. Future research should focus on incorporating a life-course criminological perspective into the study of the biology of childhood crime and antisocial behavior. Longitudinal studies that measure both biological and social risk factors over time will be critical to advancing our understanding of the development of antisocial behavior both during childhood and throughout the life-course.

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Investigating the neural correlates of psychopathy: a critical review

Cited by 129 publications

References 65 publications

Considering new insights into antisociality and psychopathy

Considering new insights into antisociality and psychopathy

Psychopathic individuals exhibit but do not avoid regret during counterfactual decision making

The Biology of Childhood Crime and Antisocial Behavior

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