Investigating the MMPI–2 Trauma Profile in Treatment-Seeking Peacekeepers

Abstract

Most available research on MMPI-2 (Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989) scores in combat veterans suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has focused on Vietnam veterans. No data are available from peacekeepers suffering from PTSD. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PTSD and the MMPI-2 in a sample of 120 treatment seeking peacekeeping veterans. Results show that relative to a non-PTSD reference group, veterans who screened positive for PTSD scored higher on Scales F, 2 (D), 4 (Pd), 6 (Pa), 7 (Pt), 8 (Sc), and 0 (Si) of the MMPI-2. Scales 2 (D), 7 (Pt), and 8 (Sc) were highest in the mean PTSD profile but no 2- or 3-point code type could be defined. Moderate correlations were found between a self-report measure for PTSD symptoms and scores on MMPI-2 clinical scales 1 (Hs), 2 (D), 6 (Pa), 7 (Pt), and 8 (Sc). The MMPI-2 proved to be useful in assessing the broad range of symptoms typically present in trauma populations as well as the severity of posttraumatic morbidity.

Psychotraumatology in the Netherlands

“…In the military, after the aforementioned studies on Post Deployment Syndrome and fatigue in Cambodia veterans (De Vries et al, 2000) the Department of Defense also facilitated biological studies in PTSD in alliance with several academic partners to validate the disorder and stimulate research on the disorder. This started with cross-sectional biological studies and later with prospective studies in soldiers, resulting in a flurry of studies that validated what was known and extended the findings because of the use of new designs: Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal-axis studies (De Kloet et al, 2006) neuroimaging and pain studies (Geuze et al, 2007, 2008), personality (Rademaker, Kleber, Meijer, & Vermetten, 2009), and sleep (Van Liempt et al, 2013). The start of the participation to International Security Assistane Forces deployment was an opportunity to conduct true prospective studies that allowed identification of candidate biomarkers and differentiation of posttraumatic stress, depression, and fatigue (Van Zuiden et al, 2011, 2012), as well as an insight into central brain circuits after deployment (Van Wingen, Geuze, Vermetten, & Fernandez, 2012).…”

Profiles of orofacial dysfunction in different diagnostic groups using the Nordic Orofacial Test (NOT-S)—A review

“…Control subjects 0.7 ± 0.0 (0-3) IV Bakke et al [3] In addition, the NOT-S protocol has also been used to assess treatment outcomes of surgery in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy [6]. To date, results concerning ratings of quality-of-life [10,11], personality traits [12] and NOT-S data [4,13] have been illustrated using diagrams or profiles with connected plots. Such presentations may be useful to facilitate the understanding of results and for the comparison of data between studies.…”

Comparison of Memory Function and MMPI-2 Profile between Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Adjustment Disorder after a Traffic Accident

“…Higher scores on the HY scale may be reflect concentration problems, somatic complaints, helplessness, and anger control problems of PTSD 47,48). Previous studies reported that SC scale of the MMPI-2 was important for the diagnosis of PTSD 25,26). SC scale can be reflect the problem of self-integration after trauma experience.…”

“…Related studies have suggested that the depression (D), psychasthenia (PT), and schizophrenia (SC) scales of the MMPI-2 are important for the diagnosis of PTSD 25,26,27). Some studies have focused on the D-SC and PT-SC code types 28,29,30,31).…”