Investigating the Mechanisms Underlying the Low Irradiance-Tolerance of the Economically Important Seaweed Species Pyropia haitanensis

Abstract

Pyropia haitanensis, one of the most economically and ecologically important seaweed species, is often exposed to persistent or transient low irradiance (LI), resulting in limited yield and quality. However, the mechanisms mediating P. haitanensis responses to LI are largely unknown. In this study, LI-tolerant (LIT) and LI-sensitive (LIS) P. haitanensis strains were compared regarding their physiological and transcriptomic changes induced by 1 and 4 days of LI (5 μmol photons/m2·s). The results indicated that the inhibition of photomorphogenesis and decreases in photosynthesis and photosynthetic carbon fixation as the duration of LI increased are the key reasons for retarded blade growth under LI conditions. A potential self-amplifying loop involving calcium signaling, phosphatidylinositol signaling, reactive oxygen species signaling, and MAPK signaling may be triggered in blades in response to LI stress. These signaling pathways might activate various downstream responses, including improving light energy use, maintaining cell membrane stability, mitigating oxidative damage, to resist LI stress. Additionally, the LIT strain maintained transcriptional homeostasis better than the LIS strain under LI stress. Specifically, photosynthesis and energy production were relatively stable in the LIT strain, which may help to explain why the LIT strain was more tolerant to LI stress than the LIS strain. The findings of this study provide the basis for future investigations on the precise mechanisms underlying the LI stress tolerance of P. haitanensis.

PhbZIP2 regulates photosynthesis-related genes in an intertidal macroalgae, Pyropia haitanensis, under stress

“…Photosynthesis of Pyropia/Porphyra is found to be highly sensitive to abiotic stresses ( Wang et al, 2018 ; Terada et al, 2021 ; Shao et al, 2022 ). Increasing in light-harvesting efficiency and light-energy use, and suppressing accumulation of ROS are crucial for P. haitanensis responses to abiotic stress ( Ji et al, 2023 ). bZIP transcription factor BLZ8 expression increased the photosynthetic linear electron transfer rate, decreasing the excitation pressure of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, and in turn inhibiting the accumulation of ROS in C. reinhardtii under oxidative stress ( Choi et al, 2022 ).…”