Investigating the Influence of Some Environmental Factors on the Stability of Paracetamol, Naproxen, and Diclofenac in Simulated Natural Conditions

Naproxen in the environment: its occurrence, toxicity to nontarget organisms and biodegradation

“…Direct photochemical degradation of naproxen is possible because its UV absorption spectrum overlaps with the solar spectrum -> 290 nm (Sokół et al 2017;Vulava et al 2016). Its indirect photochemical degradation occurs when dissolved organic matter absorbs sunlight, which produces reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radicals or superoxide ions and other reactive species (Aguilar et al 2019;Packer et al 2003;Topp et al 2008;Sokół et al 2017;Vulava et al 2016). Unfortunately, these processes lead to the formation of products that may be more persistent and more toxic (Vulava et al 2016).…”

Tailoring the ORR selectivity for H2O2 electrogeneration by modification of Printex L6 carbon with 1,4-naphthoquinone: a theoretical, experimental and environmental application study

“…The materials containing different amounts of NQE (in the modified PL6C matrix) showed variations in terms of current efficiency and selectivity for H 2 O 2 electrogeneration (see Table 1). The percentage of H 2 O 2 in the system and the electron number (n e À ) involved in the reaction were calculated using eqn (8) and (9) proposed by Paulus et al (2014). 18,51…”

“…Its acute toxicity showed variable magnitudes in a study with Danio rerio species (LC50) 2 and freshwater arthropods (LD50). 8 In tests involving different species of bacteria, ciliates, fish embryos and algae, PRM exhibited highly toxic properties, classified as dangerous. 2 In this context, the search for effective and efficient treatment mechanisms capable of ensuring the complete removal of these organic compounds in wastewater and surface water has become a matter of unquestionable relevance.…”

Essential role of sunlight irradiation in aqueous micropollutant transformations: influence of the water matrix and changes in toxicities

“…However, nitrate did not necessarily show promotion but attenuated some MP photodegradation such as diclofenac, paracetamol, enrofloxacin and sulfadiazine, possibly because these MPs exhibit strong absorption in the spectral region of 300-310 nm, overlapping with the absorbance range of nitrate. 23,59,89 3.2.2 Influence of iron. The concentration of iron was generally reported to be 0.1-25 mg L −1 in water.…”