Investigating the Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Distribution Systems

Shafiee, Soroush; Fotuhi‐Firuzabad, Mahmud; Rastegar, Mohammad

doi:10.1109/tsg.2013.2251483

Cited by 406 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Since we are concentrating on parking lots, the load profile is considered only during the presence of vehicles in parking, which according to Table II, the longest interval is from 7 AM to 7 PM . The charger efficiency is assumed 88% [16]. The typical household load profile is available for one house in [17] and is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal allocation of PHEV parking lots to minimize distribution system losses

Mazidi

Abbaspour

Fotuhi‐Firuzabad

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech

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Abstract-To tackle the air pollution issues, Plug-in HybridElectric Vehicles (PHEVs) are proposed as an appropriate solution.Charging a large amount of PHEV batteries, if not controlled, would have negative impacts on the distribution system. The control process of charging of these vehicles can be centralized in parking lots that may provide a chance for better coordination than the individual charging in houses. In this paper, an optimization-based approach is proposed to determine the optimum PHEV parking capacities in candidate nodes of the distribution system. In so doing, a profile for charging and discharging of PHEVs is developed in order to flatten the network load profile. Then, this profile is used in solving an optimization problem to minimize the distribution system losses. The outputs of the proposed method are the proper place for PHEV parking lots and optimum capacity for each parking. The application of the proposed method on the IEEE-34 node test feeder verifies the effectiveness of the method.Keywords-Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), PHEV parking lot, V2G.

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Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal allocation of PHEV parking lots to minimize distribution system losses

Mazidi

Abbaspour

Fotuhi‐Firuzabad

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech

Self Cite

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“…The integration of EVs into the distribution network with an uncertain pattern increases peak loading on feeders, power loss, voltage deviations, and the need for network reinforcements [3][4][5]. In addition, large-scale adoption of EVs would also have a significant impact on the transportation network [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Distribution Network Expansion Incorporating Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The paper develops a multi-objective planning framework for distribution network expansion with electric vehicle charging stations. Charging loads are modeled in the first place, and then integrated into the optimal distribution network expansion planning. The formulation is extended from the single objective of the economic cost minimization into three objectives with the additional maximization of the charging station utilization, and maximization of the reliability level. Compared with the existing models, it captures the interactive impacts between charging infrastructures planning and distribution network planning from the aspects of economy, utilization, and reliability. A multi-stage search strategy is designed to solve the multi-objective problem. The models and the strategy are demonstrated by the test case. The results show that the proposed planning framework can make a trade-off among the three objectives, and offer a perspective to effectively integrate the network constraints from both the transportation network and distribution network.

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“…Unlike the conventional EV load models [16,17], the recent EV load models show that the EV charging load is highly dependent on the grid voltage, state of charge (SOC) of the EV battery, and charging voltage, current, and power factor supported by the EV battery and EV chargers [26].…”

Section: Ev Load Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Market share of various EV models is also a very scarcely covered aspect of the EV load [73]. 16 market share, the SOC profile of the EV population similar to those in Fig. 2.4 could completely change; and consequently, the aggregated EV load profile could alter too.…”

Section: 4; and E(x(t))mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the EV population could play a central role in reducing GHG emissions and providing V2G services as above, the distribution networks operators (DNOs) will be taken aback by a different set of issues [16]. These issues will be largely posed by the additional power that needs to 2 be supplied to the EV population by already very marginally designed distributions networks [17].…”

Section: Chapter 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PV-based EV charging station with vehicle-to-grid services for business premises

Islam¹

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The transportation sector is the second major contributor to the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, next to electricity generation sector. GHG emissions are projected to grow in the future due to the over-reliance on fossil fuels for both electricity generation and transportation sectors.However, the growth can be stalled by gradually introducing electric vehicles (EVs) as they produce less GHG compared to their conventional counterparts. Despite that, their proliferation has been stunted by a completely new set of challenges in addition to a very high capital cost. These challenges include low driving ranges, scarcity of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS), long charging time and inability to provide charging service readily. Nevertheless, some of these challenges can be addressed by installing EVCS at business premises (i.e., offices, universities, etc.) and augmenting EVCS with onsite PV and battery energy storage (BES). In that case, the impacts of EV charging on the grid will be less significant; charging services will be available readily, and GHG emissions growth can be reduced significantly. Moreover, EVCS, under suitable conditions, would be able to provide vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services, which makes EVCS more attractive.Despite such prospective opportunities, offhand planning and operational planning of EVCS would deem them unachievable. In addition, the inherent intermittency of PV, and EV and grids loads will pose considerable hindrance on availing those benefits.Hence, this research focusses on an EVCS with onsite PV and BES, in the perspective of planning and operational planning including V2G services. The cornerstone of the planning and operational planning is an appropriate EV load model that captures the uncertainties of EV charging. In addition, the EV load model reflects the grid voltage and EV battery's state of charge (SOC)-dependency of EV charging. Moreover, it accounts for the diversity of the EV population embodied by market shares, battery sizes, charging levels, and charging voltages, currents, and power factors. Furthermore, it is scalable to facilitate seamless assimilation of a large EV population. Therefore, a new EV load model is first proposed with MATLAB/Simulink validation reflecting the factors above along with the recommendations by the standard BS EN 61851-23:2014. This EV model is then incorporated into the planning activities, which include four chronological exercises. Firstly, the impact (i.e., grid voltage, current, losses, etc.) of the EV charging on the grid at different locations, namely home, office, public charging, is investigated considering the uncertainties. Secondly, the optimal location of the PV and BES based EVCS is divulged regarding the reduction of the impact and costs involved while enhancing the charging quality of service (QoS). Thirdly, a suitability analysis is performed for the obtained optimal location to find the most suitable combination of the grid upgrading, PV deployment, and BES iii deployment to satisfy the QoS, ...

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Investigating the Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Distribution Systems

Cited by 406 publications

References 21 publications

Optimal allocation of PHEV parking lots to minimize distribution system losses

Optimal allocation of PHEV parking lots to minimize distribution system losses

Multi-Objective Distribution Network Expansion Incorporating Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

PV-based EV charging station with vehicle-to-grid services for business premises

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