Investigating the emergence of sex differences in jealousy responses in a large community sample from an evolutionary perspective

Abstract

Sex differences in jealousy responses to sexual and emotional infidelity are robust in samples of heterosexual adults, especially in more gender egalitarian nations. However, investigations of when and how these differences develop have been scant. We applied two forced choice infidelity scenarios in a large community sample of high school students (age 16–19, N = 1266). In line with previous findings on adults using the forced choice paradigm, adolescent males found the sexual aspect of imagined infidelity more distressing than adolescent females did. Nevertheless, there was no effect of age on the jealousy responses, and age did not moderate the sex difference. There were neither any effects of three covariates (having had first sexual intercourse, being in a committed romantic relationship, and sociosexuality), neither as markers of pubertal maturation nor as psychosocial environmental stimuli. Future research needs to investigate even younger samples in order to specify at what age the sex difference in jealousy responses emerges.

Gender Roles in Intimate Relationships: Who Initiates and Why?

“…Furthering the importance biology has on gender role manifestation are jealousy responses produced particularly in males. Where young men become jealous at the thought of their female partners engaging in sex with other males, females expressed more jealousy at the thought of their male partners engaging with other females on an emotional level (Larsen et. al., 2021).…”

“…al., 2021). The participants in this study were young, and so the question as to why adolescents demonstrate these emotional responses when neither girls nor boys are ready psychologically to marry or parent children remains (Larsen et. al., 2021).…”

“…al., 2021). It is an instinctual response that exists well before the commitment stage of a relationship demonstrating that women, no matter their age, are protective of their attachment to males whereby losing him to another woman signals high fitness costs in the same way that men's jealousy protects their reproductive investment (Larsen et. al., 2021).…”