Investigating the effects of planting date and Aphis gossypii management on reducing the final incidence of cotton leafroll dwarf virus

Mahas, John W.; Hamilton, Fredericka B.; Roberts, Phillip M.; Ray, Christopher; Sharman, Murray; Conner, Kassie; Bag, Sudeep; Blythe, Eugene K.; Toews, Michael D.; Jacobson, Alana L.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2022.106005

Cited by 13 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…13 In the southeast, A. gossypii annually infests cotton, but management is generally not recommended because direct feeding does not often result in yield loss 15,16 and use of insecticides does not reduce final cotton leafroll dwarf virus incidence. 17 Fungal entomopathogens such as Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Batko often suppress populations before bolls open. [18][19][20][21][22] Insecticide applications may be necessary where natural epizootics caused by fungal entomopathogens are delayed or when aphid infestations occur on young plants, but due to the difficulty of monitoring epizootics during scouting activities unnecessary insecticide application may be made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later in the growing season, indirect damage may occur through honeydew contamination on cotton's exposed lint, which may also act as a nutrient source for sooty mold that can further decrease cotton productivity and lint quality 13 . In the southeast, A. gossypii annually infests cotton, but management is generally not recommended because direct feeding does not often result in yield loss 15,16 and use of insecticides does not reduce final cotton leafroll dwarf virus incidence 17 . Fungal entomopathogens such as Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Batko often suppress populations before bolls open 18–22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imidacloprid‐resistant Aphis gossypii populations are more common in cotton‐dominated landscapes

Mahas

Steury

Huseth

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Widespread reports of reduced efficacy of imidacloprid for managing cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) prompted an investigation to characterize the susceptibility of 43 populations over a 2-year period. The susceptibility of A. gossypii populations to imidacloprid was examined by calculating LC50 values. Further analyses related resistance assay results to a gradient of cotton production intensity.RESULTS: Concentration-mortality bioassays documencted populations that were 4.26-607.16 times more resistant than the susceptible laboratory population. There was a significant positive relationship between LC 50 values and percentage of cotton within 2.5-and 5-km buffers surrounding collection sites. No significant relationship was detected between LC 50 values and the percentage of alternative crop and noncrop hosts.CONCLUSION: Variable and high levels of resistance were detected in A. gossypii populations, and this variation was positively associated with cotton production intensity. Cotton is a host that may receive multiple applications of neonicotinoids (via seed treatment and foliar sprays) annually for seedling and mid-season pests. Rotating modes of action and limiting insecticide use should be implemented to delay the evolution of insecticide resistance in A. gossypii populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imidacloprid‐resistant Aphis gossypii populations are more common in cotton‐dominated landscapes

Mahas

Steury

Huseth

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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“…CLRDV infection was confirmed in leaf discs using nested PCR to amplify a fragment of the coat protein. Primers Pol3628F/Pol4021R were used to amplify a 395-bp fragment in the first round PCR reaction, and then first round PCR product was diluted in ddH2O (1:10) and amplified with primers CLRDV3675F/Pol3982R targeting a 307-bp fragment as described in Mahas et al (2022) and Sharman et al (2015). Results were recorded as positive or negative infection, and the average proportion (±standard error) of leaf discs or plants infected with CLRDV are reported.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Competency of Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci to Transmit Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus

Heilsnis¹,

McLaughlin²,

Conner³

et al. 2022

JCS

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A new variant of cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) (genus: Polerovirus, family: Solemoviridae) was discovered in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields that were reported to be infested with aphids and whiteflies in southern Alabama in 2017. Prior to the confirmation of CLRDV, speculation focused on whiteflies as a potential vector of the then-unknown virus. Although the only vector reported to transmit CLRDV to cotton is the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover), two recombinant poleroviruses have been reported recently to be transmitted by the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.). Due to the emergence of a new CLRDV variant in the U.S., and the recent studies on recombinant poleroviruses, conflicting messages that whiteflies and/or aphids could be transmitting CLRDV have been relayed to growers and stakeholders in the Cotton Belt. The objective of this study was to determine if A. gossypii or B. tabaci (B Mitotype) transmit CLRDV to cotton. The results demonstrated that the CLRDV-AL variant was transmissible by alate and apterous morphs of A. gossypii, but not by B. tabaci. These findings emphasize the importance of screening insect vectors for the transmission of novel plant virus variants to correctly identify the vector(s) and provide growers and stakeholders with appropriate information to make informed management decisions.

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“…In the United States, A . craccivora , Aphis fabae , Macrosiphum euphorbiae , Protaphis middletonii , and Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale are known to colonize cotton (Blackman & Eastop, 2000; Mahas et al, 2022). However, transmission experiments with these aphids need to be conducted to confirm their ability to transmit CLRDV.…”

Section: Insect Vector and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton leafroll dwarf disease: An enigmatic viral disease in cotton

Edula

Bag

Milner

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Taxonomy: Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is a member of the genus Polerovirus, family Solemoviridae. Geographical Distribution: CLRDV is present in most cotton‐producing regions worldwide, prominently in North and South America. Physical Properties: The virion is a nonenveloped icosahedron with T = 3 icosahedral lattice symmetry that has a diameter of 26–34 nm and comprises 180 molecules of the capsid protein. The CsCl buoyant density of the virion is 1.39–1.42 g/cm3 and S20w is 115–127S. Genome: CLRDV shares genomic features with other poleroviruses; its genome consists of monopartite, single‐stranded, positive‐sense RNA, is approximately 5.7–5.8 kb in length, and is composed of seven open reading frames (ORFs) with an intergenic region between ORF2 and ORF3a. Transmission: CLRDV is transmitted efficiently by the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) in a circulative and nonpropagative manner. Host: CLRDV has a limited host range. Cotton is the primary host, and it has also been detected in different weeds in and around commercial cotton fields in Georgia, USA. Symptoms: Cotton plants infected early in the growth stage exhibit reddening or bronzing of foliage, maroon stems and petioles, and drooping. Plants infected in later growth stages exhibit intense green foliage with leaf rugosity, moderate to severe stunting, shortened internodes, and increased boll shedding/abortion, resulting in poor boll retention. These symptoms are variable and are probably influenced by the time of infection, plant growth stage, varieties, soil health, and geographical location. CLRDV is also often detected in symptomless plants. Control: Vector management with the application of chemical insecticides is ineffective. Some host plant varieties grown in South America are resistant, but all varieties grown in the United States are susceptible. Integrated disease management strategies, including weed management and removal of volunteer stalks, could reduce the abundance of virus inoculum in the field.

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Investigating the effects of planting date and Aphis gossypii management on reducing the final incidence of cotton leafroll dwarf virus

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Imidacloprid‐resistant Aphis gossypii populations are more common in cotton‐dominated landscapes

Imidacloprid‐resistant Aphis gossypii populations are more common in cotton‐dominated landscapes

Vector Competency of Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci to Transmit Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus

Cotton leafroll dwarf disease: An enigmatic viral disease in cotton

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