Investigating the effect of learning styles in a blended e-learning system: An extension of the technology acceptance model (TAM)

Abstract

This study assesses learner perceptions of a blended e-learning system (BELS) and the feasibility of accommodating educational hypermedia systems (EHSs) according to learning styles using a modified version of the technology acceptance model (TAM). Recently, Moodle has been adopted by an Iraqi university alongside face-to-face (F2F) classrooms to provide flexible learning and improve understanding. Based on TAM, individual differences and perceptions were explored in relationships between learner satisfaction and technology adoption. The model was extended to include e-learning self-efficacy, perceived satisfaction, and learning styles. Although other variables can be integrated, the proposed framework is to investigate the effect of learning styles in predicting satisfaction and BELS acceptance. A total of 210 undergraduate students voluntarily took part in the research. Data was gathered using a survey instrument and the Index of Learning Styles (ILS) Questionnaire. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique was used to examine the path associated between dependent and independent constructs. Unlike prior TAM literature, this research highlights the integration of perceived satisfaction and technology acceptance in accordance with psychological traits and learner beliefs. Overall, the model achieved an acceptable fit and successfully integrated intention to use (ITU) and perceived satisfaction (PS). However, psychological differences did not indicate positive impacts on learner satisfaction and e-learning adoption.

Predicting the Adoption of Social Media: An Integrated Model and Empirical Study on Facebook Usage

“…In the present study, performance expectancy was found to be the best determinant of behavioral intention, and these findings were consistent with those of previous research (Akinbobola & Adeleke, 2016;Al-Azawei et al, 2017a;Kwon et al, 2014;Sin et al, 2012;Venkatesh et al, 2003). This positive effect of performance expectancy on the intention to use Facebook suggested that the more users believed that Facebook was useful for enhancing their online communication, the more likely it was that they would intend to accept it.…”

“…These items measured how far Facebook use assisted in improving communication with others, as well as the 'usefulness' of this network, whereby the above scale proved to be reliable (Cronbach's alpha=0.795). In addition, effort expectancy was measured using three items adapted from Al-Azawei et al (2017a) and Venkatesh and Davis (2000) to measure how well participants could use Facebook functions and perform different tasks with ease. The resulting scale likewise proved to be reliable (Cronbach's alpha=0.703).…”

“…This scale was likewise indicated as reliable (Cronbach's alpha=0.702). Meanwhile, to measure users' willingness to adopt Facebook, namely, their behavioral intention, a five-item scale was adapted from Al-Azawei et al (2017a) and Tarhini (2013). This scale measured users' intention to adopt Facebook in the near future and the likelihood of them recommending Facebook to others, with the reliability of this scale likewise being confirmed (Cronbach's alpha=0.879).…”

A Survey on Chinese Scholars’ Adoption of Mixed Methods

“…The above findings are consistent with the adoption research in many other fields, where researchers found that perceived compatibility and advantage of innovation are two significant predictors to people's innovation adoption (Al-Azawei, 2017;Chang & Tung, 2008;Hardgrave, Davis, & Riemenschneider, 2003;Hye-Young, 2016;Lala, 2014;Lee, Hsieh, & Hsu, 2011;Powell & Wimmer, 2017;Wu & Wang, 2005).…”

“…Researchers have developed reliable measures of the five intrinsic attributes, including the Perceived Usefulness, the Compatibility, the Perceived Ease of Use, the Visibility, and the Trialability (Davis et al, 1989;Moore & Benbast, 1991, 2001. Besides the scales, Davis, Bagozzi, and Warshaw (1989) published the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which has been widely used in the field of innovation diffusion research (Al-Azawei, 2017;Agag & El-Masry, 2016;Davis, 1993;Hye-Young, 2016;Liaw, ies.ccsenet. 2002;Liaw 2003).…”