Abstract:Elevated gadolinium levels in patients with healthy renal function exposed to gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA) have been confirmed by studies in the literature. Though the potential long-term effects of the retained gadolinium are still unknown, symptoms such as bone and joint pain have been reported in some subjects. As detecting the presence of gadolinium in vivo is required to diagnose toxicity related medical conditions, a 109Cd based X-ray fluorescence (XRF) bone gadolinium measurement system has b… Show more
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