Investigating the anticancer efficacy of biogenic synthesized MgONPs: An in vitro analysis

Abstract

The biogenic approach of synthesizing metal nanoparticles is an exciting and interesting research area with a wide range of applications. The present study reports a simple, convenient, low-cost method for synthesizing magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) from pumpkin seed extracts and their anticancer efficacy against ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line (PA-1). The characteristic features of biogenic MgONPs were assessed by UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The formation of spherical NPs with an average size of 100 nm was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, MgONPs exhibit considerable cytotoxicity with an IC 50 dose of 12.5 μg/ml. A dose-dependent rise in the induction of apoptosis, ROS formation, and inhibition in the migration of PA-1 cells was observed up to 15 μg/ml concentration, reflecting their significant anticancer potential against ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line. However, additional work, especially in different in vitro and in vivo models, is recommended to find out their real potential before this environment-friendly and cost-effective nanoformulation could be exploited for the benefit of humankind.

Screening of Cu4O3 NPs efficacy and its anticancer potential against cervical cancer

“…Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and various anticancer therapeutic agents have shown unfavorable effects on healthy cells and are unable to specifically target cancer cells. In our earlier studies, we have biogenically synthesized metal oxide and bimetallic NPs by green synthetic route and reported their anticancer potential against various cancer cells 17,39,40 . The anticancer potential of Cu compounds have shown fewer side effects, possess higher efficacy and brought new hope for cancer treatment, bypassing the drug resistance and toxic side effects 7 .…”

“…In our earlier studies, we have biogenically synthesized metal oxide and bimetallic NPs by green synthetic route and reported their anticancer potential against various cancer cells. 17,39,40 The anticancer potential of Cu compounds have shown fewer side effects, possess higher efficacy and brought new hope for cancer treatment, bypassing the drug resistance and toxic side effects. 7 Cupric-cuprous oxides and paramelaconite-based Cu 4 O 3 NPs have shown inherent therapeutic properties.…”

“…The fluorescence microscopic analysis of apoptotic cell death was carried out by the method described earlier 39 . The cells were seeded at a density of 5 × 10 4 cells/well in a 6‐well plate and incubated for 24 h for adherence.…”

“…The fluorescence microscopic analysis of apoptotic cell death was carried out by the method described earlier. 39 The cells were seeded at a density of 5 × 10 4 cells/well in a 6-well plate and incubated for 24 h for adherence. After treatment with Cu 4 O 3 NPs (7.5, 10, and 12.5 µg/mL) for 24 h, the cells were detached, washed with cold PBS, and then stained with a mixture of AO (100 μg/mL)/EB (100 μg/mL) (1:1) at room temperature for 5 min and examined immediately under fluorescent microscope.…”

Orally Administered Silicon Hydrogen Nanomaterials as Target Therapy to Treat Intestinal Diseases

“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as a byproduct of aerobic metabolism, are one of the necessary requirements for the normal functioning of organisms. − Excessive ROS generation in the colon is an important feature and a pathogenic factor of IBD. − A dramatic increase in ROS induces high oxidative stress in cells, damages the colonic epithelial barrier, and disrupts the relationship between epithelial cells and the intestinal flora. − Thus, the removal of excessive ROS from the colon and regulation of oxidative stress have become feasible options to treat IBD. Several enzymatic or nonenzymatic antioxidants, including natural enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutase and catalase), nanozymes (e.g., cerium nanoparticles [NPs]), and polyphenol-derived natural compounds , (e.g., tea polyphenols) have been reported to scavenge excess ROS in IBD therapy.…”