Investigating the Anatomical and Physical-Mechanical Properties of the 8-Year-Old Superior Teakwood Planted in Muna Island, Indonesia

Abstract

Muna teakwood, especially from old stands, has been popular as raw material for timber industries in Indonesia for the past ten decades. Due to the scarcity of this wood, superior-grown seedlings of Muna teakwood have been developed and widely planted. Since there is no information on its characteristics, therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate wood characteristics of the 8-year-old superior-grown teak from Muna Island to ensure their proper utilization as raw material for wooden furniture. Wood discs and boards from basal area of three different trees were used as the samples. Macroscopic and microscopic anatomical characteristics were observed following the IAWA's list, while their physicalmechanical properties were measured following British Standard 373-57. Results showed that anatomical characteristics of this wood sample are similar to regular teakwood, but its heartwood portion is higher. Differences among trees are found in regards to wood texture, growth ring width, as well as early and latewood portion. The green moisture content was lower than that of fast-growing teak of a similar age. The wood is more stable than the old teakwood, but its specific gravity is lower. In general, mechanical properties of this wood were higher than those of the regular fast-growing teakwood, but lower than the old one. Based on its specific gravity, this superior Muna teakwood was categorized as a Strength Class of III. The wood is suitable enough for wooden furniture manufacturing.

Wood Physical and Mechanical Properties of Clonal Teak (Tectona grandis) Stands Under Different Thinning and Pruning Intensity Levels Planted in Java, Indonesia

“…In general, the mean MCG under all treatments (Tables 3 and 4) were almost similar to a previous study of 30 to 31 years old teak from various clones in India (Shukla et al, 2011). However, the results were higher compared to the finding in 8-year-old clonal teak from Muna island (Savero et al, 2020). Moreover, it was reported that MCG from a fresh-cut tree would be around 33%-249% of the absolute wood-dried weight, which is strongly affected by differences in the part of the stem, site, age, harvested season, and tree dimension (Shmulsky and Jones, 2011).…”

“…After a month, the mean wood moisture content of boards was achieved at 16.7 ± 0.4%, which was feasible to be used as specimen material for wood mechanical properties testing (Djati et al, 2015). Furthermore, the board were transformed into wood samples for mechanical properties testing, after reaching air-dried conditions (Djati et al, 2015;Savero et al, 2020). For the static bending test [modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR)], the sample dimension was 2 × 2 × 30 cm; and for the test of compression stress parallel (CSPL) and perpendicular to the grain (CSPD), a dimension of 2 × 2 × 6 cm was used.…”

“…Then, the volume of the wood sample was determined in two different approaches. The water displacement method was used in estimating the wood sample volume for BD (Marsoem et al, 2014;Savero et al, 2020). Whereas for VS, the wood sample dimensional volume was measured using a digital calliper (CD−6" CS, Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan) by multiplying the dimensional measurement of the longitudinal (L), tangential (T), and radial (R) direction length of the wood samples (L × T × R).…”

“…Finally, the values of MCG, BD, and shrinkage parameters (RS, TS, VS, and T/R-ratio) from green to ovendried conditions were respectively determined using Equations ( 1) to (4) as follows (British Standards Institution, 1957;Savero et al, 2020):…”

Mask Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) Based Image Segmentation of Rays in Softwoods

“…Therefore, based on this, the quantitative data can be used to identify a wood and its geographical origin. The quantitative data can also be used to control the distribution of wood of endangered species in the wood market (de Palacios et al, 2020;Lee et al, 2020;Parades-Villanueva et al, 2018;Savero et al, 2020;Yu et al, 2017).…”