Investigating swirl and tumble using two prototype inlet port designs by means of multi-planar PIV

Vester, Athanasia Kalpakli; Nishio, Yu; Alfredsson, P. Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2018.11.009

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Two main types of flow can be observed in the cylinder: Tumble and swirl, with rotation axes perpendicular to and around the cylinder axis, respectively. Typically, spark ignition engines prioritise tumble motion [19,39,40], while compression ignition engines employ intake channels engineered to enhance swirl [29,39,40].…”

Section: Introduction 1motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental studies on in-cylinder flow in combustion engines often focus on one or two specific planes, such as the symmetry plane, tumble plane, parallel planes, cross-tumble plane (orthogonal to the symmetry plane), or horizontal planes [7,54,[58][59][60][61]. While there are various optically accessible engine test rigs that enable the application of different optical techniques, occasionally, there is a need for ad-hoc test rigs to replicate specific air flows or to provide better accessibility [19,[33][34][35]40,[62][63][64][65][66][67]. However, a drawback of such engine test benches is frequently lower flexibility regarding the operating parameters, such as the intake pressure and temperature, as well as the limitation to stationary flows with constant valve lifts.…”

Section: Introduction 1motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Flow Fields Emanating from Two Parallel Inlet Valves Using LES, PIV, and POD

Hoffmann,

Vera-Tudela,

Mirsch

et al. 2023

Energies

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Understanding cycle-to-cycle variations (CCV) is of practical importance for the combustion of fossil and renewable fuels, as increasingly stringent emission regulations require reductions in the negative effects of such variations. The subject of this study is the flow around inlet valves, since oscillations of such inlet flows affect the flow structure in the cylinder and are thus one of the causes of CCV. To this end, a parametric analysis of the influences of the mass flow rate and valve lift of two parallel engine intake valves on the flow structures is performed. This follows on from an earlier similar study where the flow around a single intake valve was investigated. To analyse the flow behaviour and, in particular, the interactions of the flow leaving these two valves, an optical test rig for 2D particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a large eddy simulation (LES) are used. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), together with a quadruple decomposition and the Reynolds stress transport equations, are used to study the turbulence phenomena. The PIV and LES results are in good agreement with each other. The detailed LES analysis of the flow structures shows that, for small valve lifts, the flow separates along the whole perimeter of the intake valve, and for larger valve lifts, the flow escapes only to one side. This is, for combustion engines with the tumble concept, the stage at which the tumble movement develops. Moreover, the flow structures are strongly influenced by the valve lift, while they are unaffected by the variation in the mass flow. The turbulent kinetic energy in the flow field increases quadratically with a decreasing valve lift and increasing mass flow. The large, high-energetic flow structures are particularly dominant near the jet, and the small, low-energetic structures are homogeneously distributed within the flow field. The specific Reynolds stress transport equation shows the limitations of two-dimensionality and large timesteps in the PIV results and the limitations of the LES model.

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Section: Introduction 1motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Flow Fields Emanating from Two Parallel Inlet Valves Using LES, PIV, and POD

Hoffmann,

Vera-Tudela,

Mirsch

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…They were able to quantify the link between the increase in laminar burning velocity and the increase in maximum pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise for hydrogen mole fraction in the fuel. During the validation of the simulations, actual experiments using laser doppler anemometry (LDA/LDV) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) are extensively used [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. We previously reported the comparison of the LDV and PIV of cylinder optical engines in the past [24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction between In-Cylinder Turbulent Flow and Flame Front Propagation in an Optical SI Engine Measured by High-Speed PIV

Ikeda¹

2022

Energies

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The relationship between the flow field and flame propagation is essential in determining the dynamics and effects of turbulent flow in an optical SI engine. In this study, high turbulence flow at stable operations was achieved using 12,000 rpm engine speed, 60 kPa absolute intake pressure, 14.7 A/F, and 15 deg. BTDC spark timing. The turbulent flow field and flame propagation interplay were analyzed through the simultaneous high-speed PIV measurements of the in-cylinder flow and flame front propagation under firing conditions. The intensity of the seeder used was optimized by changing the crank angle. Successful simultaneous detection of the flame front and turbulent flow was demonstrated. Strong turbulence was produced at the flame front simultaneously with the flame movement. After ignition timing, the flame accelerated in the unburned region, and a vital turbulence region occurred.

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“…However, they differ according to angular positions [3]. In terms of the valve's openings in the cylinder head, it has been observed that while the fully open valve gives the most vital largescale structures, more significant amounts of kinetic energy are converted into small-scale turbulence with smaller openings [4].…”

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Dimensional and Stereo PIV Comparison for Port Applications

Yelken

Savcı

Dülger

2022

Kocaeli Journal of Science and Engineering

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Fuel-air movements in-cylinder are one of the most critical diesel engine parameters to determine engine performance and emission. Swirling movement in the engine combustion chamber is investigated advanced experimental techniques to improve the air intake design. Honeycomb measurement method and PIV (particle image velocimetry) method are used to measure the swirling airflow. The honeycomb measurement method can directly measure the swirl. However, it does not give detail information about the flow field. On the other hand, the PIV technique is one of the non-invasive measurement methods for swirl measurement. PIV can directly measure the velocity vector of the cylinder section. In this study, the honeycomb measurement method was performed to measure the swirl ratio of 13L and 9L engines. The uncertainty analysis was determined for the reliability ratio of the measurement. In addition, PIV measurements are performed to understand the velocity field of the cylinder section. This velocity field gives detailed information about the center of the swirl and the velocity index of the velocity field.

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Investigating swirl and tumble using two prototype inlet port designs by means of multi-planar PIV

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Investigation of Flow Fields Emanating from Two Parallel Inlet Valves Using LES, PIV, and POD

Investigation of Flow Fields Emanating from Two Parallel Inlet Valves Using LES, PIV, and POD

The Interaction between In-Cylinder Turbulent Flow and Flame Front Propagation in an Optical SI Engine Measured by High-Speed PIV

Two Dimensional and Stereo PIV Comparison for Port Applications

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