Investigating science teachers’ intention to adopt virtual reality through the integration of diffusion of innovation theory and theory of planned behaviour: the moderating role of perceived skills readiness

Abstract

This study contributes to the extant literature on instructional technology by investigating the relationships between the social and personal factors and behavioral intention to use virtual reality. Moreover, the current study examined the links between perceived characteristics of virtual reality and attitude and the moderating role that can be played by perceived skills readiness between those links. Inspired by the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Diffusion of Innovation Theory, a set of hypotheses was formed to test the proposed relationships using structural equation modeling partial least square to a sample of 171 science teachers in Oman. The results showed that attitude, social norms and perceived behavioral control can predict behavioral Intention to use virtual reality with attitude as the strongest predictor. Furthermore, the results indicated that relative advantage could predict attitude towards using virtual reality while compatibility and observability cannot. Finally, perceived skills readiness can strengthen the relationship between the perceived characteristics of virtual reality applications (relative advantage, compatibility and observability) and attitude towards using the virtual reality in the science classroom. Thus, this study highlights the importance of focussing on science teachers' skills readiness to use virtual reality so that they can use it confidently. Implications and future research studies are discussed.

Human-machine dialogues unveiled: an in-depth exploration of individual attitudes and adoption patterns toward AI-powered ChatGPT systems

“…Accordingly, Acikgoz et al (2023) reported that CP significantly impacts the attitude (ATT) and behavioral intention (BI) of individuals. However, Al Breiki et al (2022) reveal that CP insignificantly impacts the ATT of individuals. Due to these conflicting findings, the authors have identified this difference and formulated the following hypotheses:…”

“…Similarly, individuals' favorable or unfavorable feelings play a role in influencing their behavior (Chatterjee et al, 2021); these feelings evaluate an individual's attitude toward using a system. A recent study by Al Breiki et al (2022) indicates that attitude is a key determinant in shaping the intention to use a specific system. Therefore, the current study aims to bridge this theoretical gap by analyzing the impact of several factors, including compatibility, trialability, performance expectancy, effort expectancy and personal innovativeness, on attitude and behavioral intention, ultimately influencing the actual use of ChatGPT (Figure 1).…”

“…Islam and Khan (2021) also reported that TA is a significant motivation for accepting innovations or novel information systems. Based on prior literature, the authors found that TA significantly impacts the ATT (Al Breiki et al, 2022) and BI (Opasvitayarux et al, 2022). Hence, the following hypotheses have been framed:…”

Virtual reality: A review and a new framework for integrated adoption

“…Although there are consumer and societal benefits associated with VR, consumer adoption has remained relatively low due to a variety of barriers, such as a lack of technological performance (in comparison to consumer expectations), high price, low perceived enjoyment, and limited perceived benefit (Huang, 2023; Laurell et al, 2019; Lee et al, 2019). To contextualize the barriers and drivers of VR adoption, several key theories have been applied in the existing literature (Breiki et al, 2022; Huang, 2023; Majid & Shamsudin, 2019; Manis & Choi, 2019). Some of the key theories that have been utilized to examine the adoption of VR include the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis et al, 1989), the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) (Venkatesh et al, 2003), the theory of Planned behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991), and the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) Theory (Rogers, 1962).…”

“…Manis and Choi (2019) extended the TAM by incorporating perceived enjoyment to examine the VR adoption intention. Moreover, Breiki et al (2022) incorporated the DOI and TPB theories to examine the drivers of VR adoption.…”