Investigating peatland stratigraphy and development of the Šijec bog (Slovenia) using near-surface geophysical methods

Pezdir, Valentina; Čeru, Teja; Horn, B. M.; Gosar, Mateja

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105484

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Using three different mires located over the Stolowe Mountains (central Sudetes) we tested the application of integrating digital elevation models, remote sensing data and shallow geophysical prospecting methods (electrical resistivity tomography and ground penetrating radar) to delineate the extent of mires, their thickness, internal structure, and basement morphology. Our approach was guided by the effectiveness of those geophysical methods proven in investigations on other wetlands [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], the proven applicability of remote sensing in the analysis of diversity of vegetation and monitoring of changes in biodiversity [17,18], as well as the analytical potential of LiDAR-based DTM shown for the Stolowe Mountains National Park in Poland [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphometric and Geophysical Constraints on Outlining Drained Shallow Mountain Mires

et al. 2023

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Long-term draining of peatlands results in transformation of vegetation and obliteration of their morphological features. In many areas, efforts are made to restore the original ecosystems and increase their water retention potential. Using combined analyses of a LiDAR-based digital terrain model (DTM), colour-infrared (CIR) imagery data, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data, we tested the applicability of these methods in outlining the extent and subsurface structure of drained mires located in the Stolowe Mountains National Park area, Poland. The LiDAR-DTMs enabled parameterisation of physiographic features of the mires and determination of their extent, runoff directions and potential waterlogging areas. CIR analysis enabled classification of vegetation types. GPR prospecting revealed the bedrock morphology, thickness and internal structure of the peat deposits, showing that this technique can also provide data on variability in the decomposition of phytogenic deposits. The obtained ERT sections indicate both the thickness of peat deposits and variability in the bedrock internal structure. The results show that integrated analyses of data obtained with different methods can be an effective tool in outlining the original extent of peatlands, with potential application in the planning of peatland ecosystem restitution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphometric and Geophysical Constraints on Outlining Drained Shallow Mountain Mires

et al. 2023

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“…Although peatland surface topography is usually quite homogeneous except for low‐amplitude hummocks and hollows, the topography of the bog and mire substratum can vary greatly (e.g., Pezdir et al, 2021). Often, it is problematic to investigate the topography and geological structure under the bogs and mires themselves due to legal restrictions aimed at protecting these natural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, soft soil (peat), which forms the upper part of peatlands, limits the use of heavy equipment as part of standard geological investigations. Therefore, non‐invasive near‐surface geophysical methods are widely used for geological investigations in such areas (Comas et al, 2011; Pezdir et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such conditions, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) can be of great use, as the low electrical resistivity of the subsurface ensures a good electrical signal and less ‘noise’ in the measured data. The ERT method has been successfully used to analyse subsurface karst landforms worldwide (Cheng et al, 2019; Pennos et al, 2019; Pezdir et al, 2021; Youssef et al, 2012; Zarroca et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of buried karst sinkholes under a bog using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

Džeriņš

Karušs

Lamsters

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Active evaporite karst processes in the Baltic states are associated with a few relatively small regions where gypsum rocks can be found close to the Earth's surface. One of these areas lies in the vicinity of the Pandu bog. However, such a possibly active karst region, which is covered by peat and in which the mapping of karst formations is complex, has not been previously investigated. In this study, we present a buried and peat‐filled karst cover‐collapse sinkhole mapping approach that involves a combination of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and conventional boreholes. A detailed map of the bog's substratum topography was constructed from a geophysical surveying dataset. It reveals 15 distinctly expressed sinkholes with diameters of several tens of metres. Overall, 140 potential sinkholes were also mapped using remote sensing data in the vicinity of the bog. Higher electrical resistivity anomalies were identified inside the peat; they coincide with scatter‐free zones in GPR data and water layers in boreholes. Highly disturbed internal peat layering was also detected in these sinkholes. It is suggested that these water layers and disturbed peat layering may have formed due to the subsidence of the lower peat layers, and thus they represent relatively younger sinkholes. This is also supported by evidence from orthophoto maps, which showed the formation and disappearance of surficial lakes and depressions on the bog surface. Our results revealed the presence of active and widespread karst processes under the bog that have not been previously noticed despite the fact that they have implications for the assessment of geohazards in this area.

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“…It is located 1194 m above sea level. The bog formed after the last ice age as four separate basins [27]. Due to its altitude, the Šijec bog as well as the Pokljuka plateau have a colder climate than the Slovenian average.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Atmospheric Deposition as the Only Mineral Matter Input to Ombrotrophic Bog

2022

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Ombrotrophic peatlands contain a very small percentage of mineral matter that they receive exclusively from atmospheric deposition. Mineral matter deposited on the Šijec bog was characterized using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). We collected solid atmospheric deposition from snow, rainwater, and using passive samplers. Samples were collected at average atmospheric conditions and after two dust events. Size, morphology, and chemical composition of individual particles were determined. We distinguished four main particle groups: silicates, carbonates, organic particles, and Fe-oxyhydroxides. Silicate particles are further divided into quartz and aluminosilicates. Proportions of these groups vary between samples and between sample types. In all samples, silicate particles predominate. Samples affected by dust events are richer in solid particles. This is well observed in passive deposition samples. Carbonates and organic particles represent smaller fractions and are probably of local origin. Iron-oxyhydroxides make up a smaller, but significant part of particles and are, according to their shape and chemical composition, of both geogenic and anthropogenic origin. Estimated quantity and percentage of main groups vary throughout the year and are highly dependent on weather conditions. Dust events represent periods of increased deposition and contribute significantly to mineral matter input to peatlands.

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Investigating peatland stratigraphy and development of the Šijec bog (Slovenia) using near-surface geophysical methods

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Geomorphometric and Geophysical Constraints on Outlining Drained Shallow Mountain Mires

Geomorphometric and Geophysical Constraints on Outlining Drained Shallow Mountain Mires

Investigation of buried karst sinkholes under a bog using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

Characterization of Atmospheric Deposition as the Only Mineral Matter Input to Ombrotrophic Bog

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