Investigating links between polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and thymic involution and thymic cysts in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)

Yap, Xinli; Deaville, Rob; Perkins, Matthew; Penrose, Rod; Law, Robin; Jepson, Paul D.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.07.038

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As mentioned before, no definite statement on the occurrence of microcysts can be done, due to the lack of histological examinations. Concerning the age of the animals (two adults, one subadult) with macrocysts, the findings fit into the results of former studies, in which the development of thymic cysts in harbor porpoises and bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) correlates with age and physiological involution of the thymus ( 58 , 59 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Pathological Findings in White-Beaked Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) and Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) From the South-Eastern North Sea

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Pathological Findings in White-Beaked Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) and Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) From the South-Eastern North Sea

et al. 2020

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“…Based on the data from field and captive feeding studies in marine mammals and mink, Kannan et al [43] proposed thresholds for immune and reproductive effects of ΣPCBs in marine mammals of 8.7 μg/g lw in the liver and 17 μg/g lw in the blubber. Recent studies have applied these thresholds to estimate potential toxicity of current body burdens of POPs in marine mammals [191,274]. In UK harbor porpoises with blubber ΣPCB concentrations above 17 μg/g lw, those that died of infectious disease had higher ΣPCB concentrations than those that died of traumatic injury, whereas there was no relationship between PCB concentrations and cause of death for porpoises with PCBs below the threshold [191].…”

Section: Immunotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels, Trends, and Health Effects of Dioxins and Related Compounds in Aquatic Biota

She

Guan

et al. 2016

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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The objective of this chapter is to review current knowledge of the levels, trends, and health effects of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aquatic biota, with a special focus on high trophic level species. DLCs can be released into the environment through storm runoff, air deposition, wastewater discharge from industrial processes, and leaching from landfills. To characterize their influences in biota, studies examining levels and trends of DLCs from invertebrates to vertebrates from several regions (the Arctic, North America, Asia and Europe) are reviewed. Over several decades, such studies have helped elucidate the accumulation, possible sources, metabolic fate, as well as the potential health effects of dioxins and DLCs in aquatic biota. The trophic transfer of these compounds via bioaccumulation and biomagnification can result in higher concentrations in top predators, and a wide range of toxic effects (e.g., endocrine disruption, developmental and reproductive effects, and immunotoxicity) has been reported in diverse species, especially those occupying high trophic levels, e.g., marine mammals. Because of their high trophic position and widespread distribution, marine mammals are valuable sentinel species for PCB and DLC contamination, providing insights into possible sources, transport pathways, and the distribution of these compounds on a global scale. Populationlevels effects related to contaminant-induced reproductive impairment and disease have been reported in wildlife inhabiting polluted regions, and the occurrence of mass mortalities among marine mammal populations has been linked to high body burdens of immunotoxic compounds, notably PCBs. Many affected populations have never recovered to their original levels. For many contaminant-stressed populations, the added stress of climate change is exacerbating the problem, causing shifts in food webs and increasing both the distribution and toxicity of POPs in coastal and oceanic environments. Critical data gaps and future research challenges are highlighted as areas that require further study.

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Marine mammals and good environmental status: science, policy and society; challenges and opportunities

Santos

Pierce

2015

Hydrobiologia

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Investigating links between polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and thymic involution and thymic cysts in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Pathological Findings in White-Beaked Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) and Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) From the South-Eastern North Sea

Pathological Findings in White-Beaked Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) and Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) From the South-Eastern North Sea

Levels, Trends, and Health Effects of Dioxins and Related Compounds in Aquatic Biota

Marine mammals and good environmental status: science, policy and society; challenges and opportunities

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