Investigating Land Surface Effects on the Moisture Transport over South America with a Moisture Tagging Model

Yang, Zhao; Domínguez, Francina

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-18-0700.1

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…There exists a preference for initial deep convective cells to be triggered near the foothills of the Andes close to Sierra de Cordoba in Argentina (e.g., DCCs shown in Figure 5F), under a strong topographically-driven convective initiation and maintenance. Although the Amazonian moisture source for the SALLJ does not seem to be as significant as originally thought (Yang and Dominguez, 2019), it is sometimes capped by leeside subsidence of the midlevel dry air that flows over the Andes from the eastward synoptic disturbances. The breaking of this cap triggers the release of convective instability and deep convection leading to tornadoes, hail and floods along the plains between the Andes and the Atlantic coast (Grandoso, 1966;Nascimento and Marcelino, 2005;Matsudo and Salio, 2011;Rasmussen and Houze, 2011;Mezher et al, 2012;Rasmussen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Extratropical Andesmentioning

confidence: 78%

High Impact Weather Events in the Andes

et al. 2020

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Owing to the extraordinary latitudinal extent, a strong orographic variability with very high mountain tops, and the presence of deep valleys and steep slopes, the Andes and the population of the region are highly prone and vulnerable to the impacts of a large suite of extreme weather events. Here we provide a review of the most salient events in terms of losses of human and animal lives, economic and monetary losses in costs and damages, and social disruption, namely: (1) extreme precipitation events and related processes (Mesoscale Convective Systems, lightning), (2) cold spells, frosts, and high winds, (3) the impacts of ENSO on extreme hydro-meteorological events, (4) floods, (5) landslides, mudslides, avalanches, and (6) droughts, heat waves and fires. For our purposes, we focus this review on three distinctive regions along the Andes: Northern tropical (north of 8 • S), Southern tropical (8 • S-27 • S) and Extratropical Andes (south of 27 • S). Research gaps are also identified and discussed at the end of this review. It is very likely that climate change will increase the vulnerability of the millions of inhabitants of the Andes, impacting their livelihoods and the sustainable development of the region into the twenty first century amidst urbanization, deforestation, air, soil and water pollution, and land use changes.

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Section: Extratropical Andesmentioning

confidence: 78%

High Impact Weather Events in the Andes

et al. 2020

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“…Today and in the mid-Holocene the central and western Amazon sits inland from the primary moisture source-the easterly trade winds that cross the Atlantic Ocean [93,94]-so precipitation is strongly dependent on upstream moisture recycling. About one-third to half of all precipitation in this region is derived from evapotranspiration within the basin today [58,57,95,96], making it particularly sensitive to feedbacks like the MRF that can promote forest-grassland transitions [42,97,58,57,35,98,47].…”

Section: Mid-holocene Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

The resilience of Amazon tree cover to past and present drying

Kukla

Ahlström

Maezumi

et al. 2021

Global and Planetary Change

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The Amazon forest is increasingly vulnerable to dieback and encroachment of grasslands and agricultural fields. Threats to these forested ecosystems include drying, deforestation, and fire, but feedbacks among these make it difficult to determine their relative importance. Here, we reconstruct the central and western Amazon tree cover response to aridity and fire in the mid-Holocene-a time of less intensive human land use and markedly drier conditions than today-to assess the resilience of tree cover to drying and the strength of vegetation-climate feedbacks. We use pollen, charcoal, and speleothem oxygen isotope proxy data to show that Amazon tree cover in the mid-Holocene was resilient to drying in excess of the driest bias-corrected future precipitation projections. Experiments with a dynamic global vegetation model (LPJ-GUESS) suggest tree cover resilience may be owed to weak feedbacks that act to amplify tree cover loss with drying. We also compare these results to observational data and find that, under limited human interference, modern tree cover is likely similarly resilient to mid-Holocene levels of aridification. Our results suggest human-driven fire and deforestation likely

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“…Additionally, some studies have shown that the increase/decrease in precipitation over La Plata and southern South America is related to the crucial role of the Amazon basin as a source of moisture for precipitation in the southern regions of the continent. 50,51 Reportedly, under the influence of El Niño, a decrease in precipitation is usually observed in the northeast of South America. Under the influence of La Niña, which always modulates precipitation of oceanic origin that is the most important source of precipitation in the tropical north and south Atlantic Ocean, an increase in precipitation is usually observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oceanic versus terrestrial origin of El Niño Southern Oscillation–associated continental precipitation anomalies

Sorí

Nieto

Liberato

2021

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Precipitation is significantly influenced by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which is considered to be the most important factor that brings about climate variability. In this study, the asymmetry of the origin of continental precipitation anomalies during El Niño and La Niña events was investigated. An already validated Lagrangian approach was used to determine the proportion of the total Lagrangian precipitation that is of oceanic and terrestrial origin. Further, the role of these components of the Lagrangian precipitation in regions with significant precipitation anomalies during the ENSO was investigated. A two-phase asymmetric behavior of precipitation, particularly in tropical regions, was obtained. For some of these regions, precipitation anomalies based on other datasets were also calculated to confirm the observed changes, and for these regions, it was observed that in all cases, the calculated anomaly of Lagrangian precipitation agreed with the precipitation change. The percentage of precipitation of oceanic origin was higher in most of these regions. However, it was observed that an increase in the percentage of precipitation of oceanic origin did not bring about a general increase in precipitation for all the regions, revealing the importance of precipitation of terrestrial origin during both phases of the ENSO.

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Investigating Land Surface Effects on the Moisture Transport over South America with a Moisture Tagging Model

Cited by 45 publications

References 58 publications

High Impact Weather Events in the Andes

High Impact Weather Events in the Andes

The resilience of Amazon tree cover to past and present drying

Oceanic versus terrestrial origin of El Niño Southern Oscillation–associated continental precipitation anomalies

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