Investigating dry room compatibility of sulfide solid-state electrolytes for scalable manufacturing

Abstract

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are viewed as promising next-generation energy storage devices, due to their enhanced safety by replacing organic liquid electrolytes with non-flammable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). The high ionic conductivity...

Hydrolysis of Argyrodite Sulfide-Based Separator Sheets for Industrial All-Solid-State Battery Production

“…7 A fundamental distinction from LIBs and significant challenge for the manufacturing of sulfide-based components are the high reactivity of the solid electrolyte with water. Upon contact of the electrolyte with water, the electrolyte, in this study exemplarily Li 6 PS 5 Cl, starts to chemically decompose into various reaction products 8 summarized in the following equation (eq 1):…”

“…However, challenges arise when scaling up components and processes to a prototype or industrial stage and analyzing the transferability of already-established processes. 7,8 When considering manufacture of an industrial-scale LIB production, it can be noticed that most of the process steps are not housed or equipped with the respective technique to run in a controlled and extremely dry or even inert atmosphere. 22 In addition, the amounts of sulfidic materials would increase multiple orders of magnitude compared to the laboratory scale.…”

“…In these, a precisely controlled inert and dry atmosphere is maintained, resulting in water concentrations well below 0.1 ppm. ,− The reaction of the solid electrolyte with water is therefore strongly limited and spatially separated from any operators. However, challenges arise when scaling up components and processes to a prototype or industrial stage and analyzing the transferability of already-established processes. , When considering manufacture of an industrial-scale LIB production, it can be noticed that most of the process steps are not housed or equipped with the respective technique to run in a controlled and extremely dry or even inert atmosphere . In addition, the amounts of sulfidic materials would increase multiple orders of magnitude compared to the laboratory scale.…”

Enabling a Co-Free, High-Voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode in All-Solid-State Batteries with a Halide Electrolyte

“…Among various SSE candidates in ASSB technologies, the argyrodite Li 6 PS 5 Cl (LPSCl) is considered to be one of the leading materials in the industry because of its ease of manufacturing and high processability while retaining a relatively high ionic conductivity (>1 mS cm –2 at 298 K). ,− However, sulfide-based SSEs still have drawbacks: (i) chemical instability with air/moisture which leads to SSE degradation and toxic H 2 S gas formation , and (ii) a narrow electrochemical stability window which can result in side reactions at both cathode and anode interfaces, resulting in increased cell resistance and irreversible capacity loss. − In particular, because the cathode must contain SSE particles in the electrode composite which inherently possesses more cathode material/SSE interfacial contact area, more significant effects due to side reactions occur. − , Cathodes coated with oxides including lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 , LNO), lithium borate, and lithium zirconate layers have been widely investigated to overcome this issue, and the type and quality of these coating layers have been shown to determine the overall performance of the cathode composite electrode. − In terms of high-voltage ASSBs, there have been a handful of previous efforts to introduce LNMO. Previously, Tatsumisago et al and Hirayama et al reported Li 3 PO 4 (LPO) or LNO-coated LNMO and Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 (LGPS) for a cathode and SSE, which focused mainly on acetylene black/SSE and Li metal/SSE interfaces. − In addition, Yao et al investigated the effect of the coating layer by utilizing Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LPO, and LNO materials and by studying their effect on the performance of LNMO-ASSB cells .…”

Three Dimensional Physical Modeling of the Wet Manufacturing Process of Solid State Battery Electrodes

“…Chen et al showed the stability of Li6PS5Cl in the dry room under oxygen, with minor conductivity losses due to carbonate formation. [3] Even with the good deformability of the sulfide SE, there are still many complications in the manufacturing process. Difficulties in mixing, high air sensitivity and high temperature synthesis of the different components of the composite electrodes are the main issues facing the commercialization of SSBs.…”