Investigating Differentiation Ability of Induced Pluripotent Stem (Ips) Cell and Endometrial Stromal Cells (Enscs) Toward Pre-Oligodendrocytes using Growth Factors In Vitro

Abstract

Oligodendrocytes are types of cells in central neural system (CNS). Their main function is generation of Myelin sheath in CNS, this sheath insulates the Axons. Any disorder in the function of these cells leads to demyelination of neurons and causes neural disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS). Nowadays, cell therapy provides plenty of hope for cure of MS. So far it has used different sources such as stem cells or progenitor for cell therapy of neural system. But each of them had some limitations, for instance using neural stem cells requires certain amount of CNS tissue. Embryonic stem cells also introduced as another candidate for cell therapy but due to some moral problems, such as necessity to creating a Blastocyst, using these cells accompanied many limitations. In cell therapy, the most important factor is facility to acquiring stem cells. iPS cells are kinds of Induced Pluripotent Stem cells which directly created by transferring of 4 transcription factors: oct4, sox2, klf2, and c-Myc into the differentiated cells. iPS cells are like pluripotent embryonic stem cells although they do not require demolition of Blastocyte. Endometrial Stromal cells are kinds of mesenchyme or adult cells which have been proven in human and mice’s uterine endometrial and they are easy to access. Both of these types of cells can be appropriate candidates for cell therapy. In this research we use these two types of cells for differentiate to Oligodendrocytes and we are able to differentiate iPS cells which are from human's eye and also human Endometrial Stromal cells to pre-Oligodendrocytes. Also we can compare their differentiation ability. These cells can be used for transplanting in MS patients.